基于嵌入式Linux电表采集终端抄表模块设计与实现

论文字数:19433,页数:46  有开题报告，任务书

摘  要

 电能是使用最为广泛的一种能源，涉及国民经济所有领域和人民生活的方方面面。随着我国经济的高速发展，提高供电质量和供电的可靠性，实施高效准确的抄收系统己是当务之急。
 随着人民生活水平的不断提高，家庭仪表的用途越来越广泛，电表、水表、气表大量地出现在人们的生活中。同时，这些仪表的抄录工作也变得越来越烦琐，工作量变得很大，传统的抄录模式已很难满足社会发展的要求。计算机和通讯技术的发展，使抄表自动化己经成为可能，各种各样的自动抄表系统不断涌现，它们不仅替代了烦琐的手工劳动，而且为提供更多优质服务奠定了技术基础。
 本文使用三星公司的ARM9 S3C2410EP实验箱作为目标机，通过RS232串口与电表通讯进行数据的采集，实现了一个自动电表的数据采集终端。本文的设计采用了多进程下的多线程编程，基于DL/T645规约定时自动抄读多块电表数据，包括表码、电流、电压、异常记录等数据，并定时保存数据至文件。如果采集到了异常信息，则以GSM短信方式发送到定制手机上面，实现短信报警。

关键词：GSM/GPRS;DLT-645规约;ARM9;S3C2410EP实验板;AMR
 The Design and Realization of Electric instrument Acquisition
Terminal Based on Embedded-Linux System
 Abstract  
 Electricity is a wildly used power, it involved in all field of the country and the life of people. With the fast developing of economic of our country the best request of development of electric industry are the improvement of the power supply quality and the power supply reliability, and the implementation of highly effective accurate electric instrument acquisition systems.
 With the improvement of people's living standards, house meters, such as ammeter, water meter and gas meter, are used more widely. At the same time, reading the meters has become a mass and troublesome work. Traditional ways no longer adapt to the development of society any more. However, with the help of computer technology and communication technology, it is possible to read meter automatically. All kinds of AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) come to existence, which not substitute the manual work but also establish the base for better service.
 This article uses the ARM9 S3C2410EP experiment box made by Samsung Company as target machine, uses the RS232 serial port to communicate with ammeters and acquisition data, realized an automatic electric instrument data acquisition terminal. This article’s design uses the multi-process and multi-thread programming; the program can automatically read ammeters’ data according to the DL/T645 protocol and save the data in fixed time. It will send a GSM short message to a fixed mobile phone if unusual data is gathered.
 
 Key Words: GSM/GPRS;DLT/645 Protocol;ARM9;S3C2410EP;AMR
目录                    
1. 绪论 1
1.1 课题背景及来源 1
1.2 国内抄表现状 1
1.3 课题研究的意义 2
1.4 论文结构 2
2. 系统分析与设计 4
2.1 自动抄表系统分析 4
2.1.1自动抄表概述 4
2.1.2基于ARM的AMR 介绍 4
2.2系统硬件设计 5
2.2.1硬件设计介绍 5
2.2.2 ARM体系结构与S3C2410处理器介绍 6
2.3抄表系统的总体设计 9
2.3.1 电表的种类与工作原理 9
2.3.2 抄表系统的设计思想 10
2.3.3 数据的抄录方式 10
2.3.4 抄表系统可靠性设计要求 10
2.3.5 抄表系统的功能 11
3. 基本理论知识及其应用 12
3.1DL/T645-1997多功能电表规约 12
3.2RS232接口介绍 12
3.3GSM/GPRS技术 13
3.4共享内存 14
3.5消息队列 15
3.6TinyXml 15
3.7多进程/多线程编程 15
3.8交叉编译环境 16
4．系统开发与实现 17
4.1 开发环境及工具 17
4.2 系统实现 17
4.2.1 项目介绍 17
4.2.2采集终端工作方式 21
4.2.3数据帧格式 22
4.2.4核心实现代码 23
5. 总结 28
5.1 S3C2410抄表系统分析 28
5.2 结果分析 28
5.2.1 开发难点及相关策略 28
5.2.2创新思想 29
5.3开发过程总结 29
致谢 31
参考文献 32
附录  DL/T645-1997多功能电能表部颁规约 34