Abstract
This thesis focuses on the photon's wave-particle duality and particle's wave-particle duality. We exhibit emergence and development of the wave-particle duality of light and particles. the photoelectric effect. Compton effect demonstrated the particle nature of light, however, we have to accept wave properties of light for optical interference, diffraction and polarization phenomena. We introduced how the French physicist Louis . de Broglie get the conclusion of wave-particle duality of particle from wave-particle duality of light. Therefore wave-particle particle duality is nature of matter, quantum mechanics is a physics theory that based on "wave-particle duality", it overcome the draw bock of classical physics in microcosmic word and successfully explains the micro-level phenomena, such as the molecular and atomic physics. At the same time, a wave-particle duality theory of light and particle are importance for physic development and applications. In this foundation led out many new subjects, such as quantum electrodynamics, quantum optics and information optical etc.
Keywords：Wave-particle duality，de Broglie Relation，Particle， Quantum electrodynamics
