当前小学教师的心理健康问题的研究

论文编号:JY001  论文字数:9785,页数:17，有任务书

摘要
 学生的性格正在形成过程中，在学生的成长过程中，教师是重要的人，是成人，是参照，是榜样。特别是小学生，由于认知水平有限，学生辨别是非的能力还不够，还没有形成独立的自我，很容易模仿别人，尤其是教师和家长。苏霍姆林斯基说过：“人只能由人来建树，……我们工作的对象是正在形成中的个性的最细腻的精神生活领域，即智慧、感情、意志、信念、自我意识。这些领域也只能用同样的东西即智慧、感情、意志、信念、自我意识去施加影响。”教师情绪好不好，喜不喜欢工作，都会影响学生；教师若惩罚、报复学生，学生会形成敌视和对抗的习惯，形成心理障碍；教师处事不公、乱用权利，会影响学生对整个社会的看法。
 学生每天在学校与教师的有效接触时间长达六、七个小时。在学校中教师是当然的主导者、支配者，教师的一个皱眉，一个微笑对学生的影响，都是深刻而长久的。心理健康的教师能很好地设计促进学生身心健康发展的良好心理环境。学生的害怕、说谎、违抗等心理失调的原因之一，是与教师的心理不健康有关。有研究表明，心理健康水平高的班主任，他们的学生心理健康水平也高，反之亦然。
 小学教师心理健康不仅关系到小学生心理健康的发展，而且关系到和谐校园及和谐社会的构建。著名的心理学家艾里克森曾指出过：不良的师生关系会导致学生的心理疾病，好的师生关系可以治病，如果遇到一位好的教师，学生由于家境等造成的不健康心理可以得到改变。教师和学生对立的状态绝不利于学生学习，而是否产生师生对立关系，及对立关系能否妥善解决，学生能否得到正确引导和转化，最终决定于教师的心理状况。本文将对这一问题进行深入地探讨，并对问题的解决提出自己的观点。
 
 关键词:心理问题，压力 ，危机
 The Rearch on mental health of Primary school
 Abstract
 The student's personality just during the period of becoming, in the student's growth process, the teacher is an important person, is an adult, according to, is a model.Especially the primary school living, because of cognition level limited, the student draws a clear distinction between right and wrong of the ability is still not enough, haven't become independent ego, play the ape very easily, is teacher and parent particularly.Su the wood's once said:"Person's can be come to achievements by the person, ……we work of object is just in the character in the formation of finest get fed up with of spiritual life realm, namely intelligence, affection, will, conviction, ego consciousness.These realm also can use same thing then the intelligence, affection, will, conviction, ego consciousness exerts influence."Teacher's motion is ok or not, pleased don't like to work, will influence a student;If the teacher punishes, revenge student, the student association habit of formation regard with hostility and resist, become mental obstacle;The teacher deals with affairs unjust, use right in disorder, will influence the student's viewpoint to the whole society.
 Primary school the teacher's mental state health not only relates to a primary school to living a mental healthy development, but also relates to diapason setting up of campus and harmonious society.The psychologist 艾 inside gram once pointed out:The bad relation of teacher and pupil will cause the student's mental disease, the good relation of teacher and pupil can cure illness, if meet a good teacher, student because financial situation etc. results in of the ill-health mental state can get a change.The appearance that teacher and student stand opposite in no case the benefit studies in the student, but whether produce the teachers and the students stand opposite a relation, and stand opposite a relation and can solve carefully, the student can get an exactitude leading and convert, end decision in the teacher's mental condition.This text will to this problem carry on a study thoroughly, and resolve standpoint of putting forward oneself to the problem.
 Keywords: pysical Problem, Pressure, Crisis
 
 目录
一、绪论…………………………………………………………………………………1
二、小学教师心理健康的重要性………………………………………………………2
（一）小学教师心理健康是综合素质的核心要素……………………………………1
（二）小学教师心理健康是促进小学生心理健康的保证……………………………3
（三）小学教师心理健康关系到自己的幸福人生……………………………………4
（四）小学教师心理健康关系到和谐校园和和谐社会的建设………………………4
三、小学教师健康的标准………………………………………………………………4
（一）角色认同…………………………………………………………………………5
（二）稳定积极的心情…………………………………………………………………5
（三）情绪控制力………………………………………………………………………5
（四）和谐人际关系……………………………………………………………………5
（五）环境适应力………………………………………………………………………6
四、小学教师心理健康问题的表现…………………………………………………………7
（一）焦虑…………………………………………………………………………7
（二）紧张…………………………………………………………………………8
（三）挫折感…………………………………………………………………………8
（四）人际关系困惑…………………………………………………………………………9
五、小学教师心理健康问题存在的原因……………………………………………………10
（一）职业倦怠，心理疲劳…………………………………………………………………10
（二）教师职业的压力………………………………………………………………………10
（三）新型师生关系带来的挑战……………………………………………………………10
（四）作为社会人面对的生活重压………………………………………………………11
（五）教师角色冲突………………………………………………………………………11
（六）教师人格因素………………………………………………………………………11
六、促进小学教师心理健康的途径……………………………………………………12
（一）自身改善………………………………………………………………………12
（二）环境层面………………………………………………………………………13
结语………………………………………………………………………14

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………15
致谢…………………………………………………………………………16