染料敏化太阳能电池中反电极制备及器件光伏性能研究

论文编号:CL052  论文字数:12825,页数:27

摘  要：本文简单地介绍了染料敏化纳米晶二氧化钛太阳能电池的主要结构、工作原理、国内外研究现状、发展趋势及存在的主要问题，并对其工业化前景做了展望;对影响其光电转换效率的关键因素如阴极材料、纳米二氧化钛薄膜、染料敏化剂、电解质溶液和阳极材料的研究现状和发展趋势做了介绍和综述；讨论了反电极铂的两种制备方法：电化学法（恒电流法）和热分解法；制备了光伏器件并进行了光电测试，比较了不同反电极制备方法对电池性能的影响，并进行了初步的优化。
 
关键词：染料敏化；二氧化钛；恒电流法；光电转换效率

Abstract: This paper briefly introduced the dye-sensitized nanocrystalline titanium dioxide solar cell structure, the main principle, on the status at home and abroad, the development trend of the main problems and the prospect of industrialization the future; The impact of its photoelectric conversion efficiency of the key factors, such as cathode materials, nano-titanium dioxide film, dye-sensitized agent, electrolyte solution and anode materials were introduced and reviewed; The two kinds of preparation methods of the counter electrode (platinum) were discussed: electrochemical (constant current law) and thermal decomposition. Photovoltaic devices were fabricated and characterized, and the effect of different preparation methods of Pt on performance were compared, and also was optimized preliminarily.

Keywords：Dye-sensitized; titanium dioxide; constant current law; photoelectric conversion efficiency

目  录

中文摘要....................................................................I
英文摘要...................................................................II
目录......................................................................III
1.绪论......................................................................1
 1.1 染料敏化太阳能电池的背景与意义........................................1
 1.2 染料敏化太阳能电池的结构与类型.... ...................................1
 1.2.1 染料敏化太阳能电池的结构.........................................1
 1.2.2 太阳能电池的类型.................................................2
 1.3 染料敏化太阳能电池的工作原理..........................................3
 1.4 染料敏化太阳能电池的国内外研究现状....................................4
 1.4.1 染料敏化太阳能电池的国内现状......................................4
 1.4.2 染料敏化太阳能电池的国外现状......................................5
 1.5 染料敏化太阳能电池现存的主要问题......................................6
 1.6 染料敏化太阳能电池的研究进展..........................................6
 1.6.1 敏化剂............................................................6
 1.6.2 电极材料..........................................................7
 1.6.3 电解质............................................................8
 1.7 未来的研究方向和前景展望..............................................9
2．实验部分................................................................10
 2.1 原料和仪器...........................................................10
 2.1.1 清洗FTO的试剂和仪器.............................................10
 2.1.2 电化学镀铂的原料和仪器...........................................10
 2.1.3 热分解法镀铂的原料和仪器.........................................10
 2.1.4 测试仪器.........................................................11
 2.2 实验步骤.............................................................11
 2.2.1 FTO 电极的制备与清洗.............................................11
 2.2.2 电化学镀铂........................................................11
 2.2.3 热分解法制铂......................................................11
 2.2.4 电池的组装........................................................12
 2.2.5 利用太阳能电池测试设备进行光电转化效率测试........................12
3．结果与讨论...............................................................13
 3.1 FTO 电极清洗..........................................................13
 3.2 电化学镀铂............................................................14
 3.2.1 电化学镀铂注意事项................................................14
 3.2.2 影响镀铂效果的因素................................................14
 3.3 热分解法镀铂..........................................................14
 3.4 对光电转换效率的影响..................................................16
 3.4.1 反电极（阴极）对光电转换效率的影响................................16
 3.4.2 二氧化钛膜的厚度对光电转换效率的影响..............................19
4．总结与展望...............................................................21
致谢........................................................................22
参考文献....................................................................23