多相电机的定子故障容错运行分析

论文编号:DQ187   论文字数:13859,页数:45

摘  要
 本文主要基于Maxwell研究五相异步电机的特殊性能及其控制策略。
 五相异步电机是在三相异步电机的基础上，通过相数的扩展而形成的。由此而引申开来的多相异步电机具有许多比三相异步电机更加优越的性能。它特别适合于大功率的变频调速系统或高稳定性系统，具有良好的发展前景。
 当五相异步电机中有一相主动退出运行或因故被动断开时，可以在不改变硬件结构的基础上，通过对其余各相的电流矢量进行调制，使得电机能够维持圆形的旋转磁场。而五相异步电机只需降载运行或在提高其余各相电流幅值的基础上作满载运行。这些特性是三相异步电机所无法比拟的。
 与三相异步电机相比较而言，多相异步电机的主要优点有：①转矩脉动次数升高（即脉动频率增加），幅值下降；②转子谐波电流较小；③绕组的电流幅值较小；④ 逆变器端的电流谐波较小；⑤系统可靠性较高；⑥对于同体积的电机，相数的提高，甚至可以提高输出力矩和输入电流的比值。⑦多相异步电机动态响应较快，稳定转矩脉动较小，从而降低系统的机械共振的可能性，降低电机运行噪声及转子损耗。⑧另外，多相异步电机的制造工艺与三相异步电机相比较，没有特别的地方，制造成本相当。
 五相异步电机在其中一相断路的情况，通过改变其它四相的电流，可是使电机仍然继续正常运行。本次论文讨论的就是基于Maxwell对如何控制五相电机在其中一相断路下的控制方法进行仿真。

关键词：多相电机、5相、有限元仿真、缺相故障、容错

Abstract
 
 This study mainly focuses on the special capability and the control strategy of five-phase induction machine.
 On the basics of three-phase induction machine, five-phaseinduction machine may be gotten by expending the phases. Furtherly multi-phase induction machine can be gotten, and they have many superior capabilities than three-phase induction machine. It is expecially fit for the large power frequency control system or the high reliability system, with a development foreground.
 While one phase of five-phase induction machine is quit or disconnected in failure, the five-phase induction machine can maintain the round rotation magnetic field by means of adjusting the rest current vectors without changing the hardware structure. So it can be operating in a little droping load, or operating in full load by inceasing the phase currents. This is superior to the three-phase induction machine.
 And compared to three-phase induction motor, the multi-phase induction motors are the main advantages: ① increased frequency of torque ripple (ie, the increasing frequency of the pulse), amplitude decreased; ② smaller rotor harmonic current; ③ winding smaller current amplitude; ④ inverter current harmonic smaller end; ⑤ higher system reliability; ⑥ For the same size motor, the improvement of a few, or even to increase the output torque and the ratio of input current. Multi-phase induction motor ⑦ faster dynamic response, stability, less torque ripple, thereby reducing the system the possibility of mechanical resonance and reduce motor noise and rotor wear and tear. ⑧ In addition, the multi-phase induction motor with the manufacturing process, compared to three-phase induction motor, there is no special place, a considerable manufacturing costs.     Five-phase induction motor circuit in one phase of the situation, by changing the other four-phase current, but continues to allow the normal operation of motor. The discussion paper is based on Maxwell on how to control the five-phase motor circuit in one phase of the control methods under the simulation.

Key words: Multiphase motor、5-phase、 FEA Simulation、open phase fault、fault-tolerant

目录
摘  要 II
目录 IV
1 前 言 1
2  多相异步电机发展概况 3
2.1 概述 3
2.2 多相异步电机的发展历史 5
2.3 多相异步电机的控制系统 7
2.4 多相异步电机的容错运行 7
3  多相异步电机的原理及特点 8
 3.1 结构及原理 8
3.2 特点 9
4 基于Maxwell的建模和正常运行仿真 10
4.1 Maxwell建模 10
4.1.1 创建新工程 10
4.1.2 选择求解问题的类型 12
4.1.3 创建模型 13
4.1.4 设定模型材料 13
4.1.5 设定边界和激励源 14
4.1.6 设定求解参数 14
4.1.7 设定求解选项 16
4.1.8 求解 18
4.2 正常运行仿真 22
5 五相异步电机断相后的控制及Maxwell仿真 22
5.1 概述 22
5.2 五相异步电机一相断相后的仿真 22
5.3五相异步电机断相后的分析 27
5.3.1有中性线连接时的断相分析 27
5.3.2 无中心线连接时的断相分析 30
5.4 Maxwell仿真结果 35
5.5 总结 36
6 结束语 37
致谢 38