围孕期保健与出生缺陷的相关性研究

论文编号:HL184  论文字数:9751.页数:21

论文题目：围孕期保健与出生缺陷的相关性研究
摘 要
 目的：通过探讨围孕期保健对胎儿的影响，为我国优生优育事业提供一定的数据支持。
 方法：根据我国《中国出生缺陷检测方案》，按照《中国出生缺陷工作手册》中的23类出生缺陷的定义特征及诊断标准进行监测。并借鉴以往文献和预测结果，选择与出生缺陷发生相关的并且是在围孕期导致的因素进行统一调查问卷。采样过程中用随机抽样的方法抽取空军医院和临潼妇幼保健医院2011年06月～2011年08月孕前保健部门和产科部门共141例育龄产妇，其中孕前女性39例，孕期妇女102例，并对其孕期前后情况进行问卷统计。采用SPSS软件对12个变量分别进行相关法多因素logistic逐步回归分析。
 结果：围孕期叶酸的补充可以显著降低神经管畸形的发生风险；同时孕前咨询显著提高了妊娠；围孕期孕妇的营状况对胎儿的发育有显著影响（p<0.05）;孕妇接受射线或羊水异常或高血压为新生儿出生缺陷的危险因素；孕期接触有害物质、家族史、孕妇主动或被动吸烟等影响胎儿发育。母亲文化程度高、孕期补碘为新生儿缺陷的保护因素。
 结论：加强围孕期的保健知识，指导孕妇做好围孕期保健是预防新生儿缺陷的有效途径。
 
 关 键 词：围孕期；出生缺陷
 
 论文类型：调研报告
Title:  Periconceptional health and research related to birth defects
 ABSTRACT
 Objective: Discuss the ways to strengthen the role of periconceptional health and do the primary prevention of birth defects.Provide some data to support the cause for promoting prenatal and postnatal care for our country.
 Methods:According to China "Chinese birth defect detection schemes",do the research with the standard of 23 categories of birth defects defining in the  "China's Birth Defects Manual" .And learn from the past and predict the results of the literature, selecting birth defects which related to pregnancy and caused by factors in the periconceptiona to do the research.Using the random sampling method to take a total of 564 pregnant women of obstetric department and pre-pregnancy health sector of maternal child-bearing age, including 156 cases pre-pregnancy women and 408 cases of women who expected to have baby.The questionnaire was coming from two hospitals which are in different region in January 2010 - May 2011.Analyze the 12 relevant variables for multivariate logistic regression  using SPSS software.
  Results:In the periconceptional period folic acid supplementation can significantly reduce neural tube defects risk, while pre-pregnancy counseling significantly improved the pregnancy rate (p<0.05), good nutrition condition of maternal have a significant effect on fetal development.Accepting Ray, amniotic fluid abnormalities, high blood pressure are risk factors for birth defects; Exposuring to harmful substances during pregnancy, family disease history, active or passive smoking for pregnant women affect fetal development. Mother's education level is high, iodine supplementation during pregnancy have good for preventing the  birth defects .
 Conclusion: Strengthen the technology of periconceptional health and provide some suggestions to quasi-pregnant women .
    KEYWORDS: Periconceptional; birth defects
    TYPE OF THESIS:Investigation And Reserch Report
 
目 录
    1. 绪 论 1
1.1研究的背景和意义 1
1.2研究的目的和目标 1
1.3关键词及定义 2
1.4文献回顾 2
 2. 研究设计 4
2.1研究对象 4
2.2一般资料 4
2.3研究方法 4
2.4研究步骤 5
 3. 研究结果 6
3.1出生缺陷的患病情况 6
3.2围孕期各影响因素与出生缺陷的发生 6
 4. 讨论 9
4.1新生儿出生缺陷相关因素多因素分析结果讨论 9
4.2围孕期保健综述 10
4.2.1孕前准备 10
4.2.2早孕期保健 13
 5. 推论及建议 15
5.1 推论 15
5.2 建议 15
 致 谢 17
 参考文献 18
 附 录 19