小型生命监控与循环系统的研究与制作

论文编号:ZD246 论文字数:24186,页数:61

摘要
   随着我国人民生活水平和质量的提高，饲养观赏鱼的家庭日益增多。但是，大多数观赏鱼的饲养要求都比较高，尤其是对水的温度，含氧量，浑浊度及光线都有特定要求，本次毕业设计是研究与制作大中型观赏鱼缸的水温，浑浊度，含氧量，光线等相关物理量的自动控制，显示装置。
 该自控装置以8位MCU89S52作为控制核心，通过温度传感器，溶氧传感器，光敏传感器分别对鱼缸水的温度，含氧量以及浑浊度进行检测，采集的信号经AD转换器（ADC0809）转换成8位数字信号，供单片机使用，为了从时间上对光线照明进行控制，选用了DS12C887时钟芯片为系统提供时钟基准。对鱼缸水位的监控采用了最简单的浮子式液位开关，由于鱼缸生态系统是一个大惯性系统，对被控量的实时性，精度要求都不高，因此以上器件以能满足控制要求。本系统需要利用单片机控制220V交流电压的各种设置，如鱼缸增氧泵，过滤装置等，为了简化电路，单片机与功率设置之间采用固态继电器进行隔离驱动。
 
 
关键词：溶氧量；水温控制；固态继电器；DS12C887；鱼缸生态系统
 

The life of circulatory supervise and controls system research and creation

Abstract

   with the level quantity of our country family live,the feed to appreciate  fish is increasingly increase.But, most of appreciate fish's feeding request are too high, particularly the water temperature,the contain of the oxygen deal,muddy degree and ray all contain design of particular request, this graduate is study and create 'big and medium-sized' appreciate the fish tank's water temperature,the oxygen deal,and the ray etc.the related physics the auto that measure the control, and show the device.
   Should equip from the control core of 8 MCU89S52 conduct and actionses, pass the temperature to spread to feel the oxygen to spread , light to spread to feel the respectively to temperature of water fish tank, contain the oxygen to measure and the muddy degree of proceeds examination, the signal collecting was converted by AD( ADC0809) convert 8 arithmetic figure signal, provide the single slice the machine the usage, for illuminate to proceed the control to ray from timing, chose to use the DS12C887 clock the slice to provide the clock basis for system.Adopted to supervise and controling of fish tank water level simple of type liquid solid hour for switch, because of fish tank ecosystem system is a big and inertial system, rightly drive measuring.The accuracy requests all not high, therefore the above piece is to can satisfy the control request.This system the demand make use of the single slice the machine the control 220 V exchanges electric voltage of every kind of establish, if the fish tank increase the oxygen pump, and filter to equip the etc., for the sake of that the simplification electric circuit, machine and power of single slice establish adopt the to proceeds after the electric appliances the insulation to move.

Key phrase: oxygen deal; Water temperature control; The Solid state relay ; DS12C887; Fish tank ecosystem system

目 录

 摘要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
 Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

 前言——鱼缸生态系统的现状和发展…………………………………………………1
 1．1现状，发展及研究意义…………………………………………………………… 1
 1．2设计任务及要求……………………………………………………………………1
控制系统的硬件设计………………………………………………………………………3
 2．1系统总体设计………………………………………………………………………3
 2．1．1水族箱的设计…………………………………………………………3
 2．1．2控制系统总体设计……………………………………………………3
 2．2单片机及模数转换器的设计……………………………………………………………… 6
 2．2．1 单片机的选择…………………………………………………………………… 6
 2．2．2模/数转换芯片ADC0809………………………………………………………… 9
 2．3系统显示，按键的设计……………………………………………………………………12
 2．4传感器及调理电路的设计…………………………………………………………………21
 2．4．1溶氧传感器………………………………………………………………………21
 2．4．2温度传感器………………………………………………………………………23
 2．4．3浑浊度传感器……………………………………………………………………24
 2．4．4信号调理电路……………………………………………………………………24
 2．5功率接口的设计……………………………………………………………………………25
 2．6时钟电路的设计……………………………………………………………………………27
 2．7电源设计……………………………………………………………………………………32
 控制系统的软件设计…………………………………………………………………… 35
 3．1系统软件的整体结构………………………………………………………………………35
 3．2软件代码……………………………………………………………………………………36
系统的PCB设计及抗干扰设计………………………………………………………… 51
 4．1PCB的设计………………………………………………………………………………… 51
 4．2 抗干扰技术…………………………………………………………………………………53
 4．2．1硬件措施………………………………………………………………………… 54
 4．2．2软件措施………………………………………………………………………… 55
 总结……………………………………………………………………………………… 59
参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 60
致谢 …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 61
附件………………………………………………………………………………………………………62