基于PLC和组态软件的交通灯监控系统的设计

正文字数:24307,页数:69   论文编号:ZD130 

摘要
随着社会的发展，人们的消费水平不断的提高，私人车辆不断的增加,人多、车多道路少的道路交通状况已经很明显了。交通事故频发，对人类生命安全造成极大威胁。据统计研究表明:在世界总人口中，每年有将近19/100000的人死于交通事故，这个数字可与战争中的死亡人数相比。车辆的增加反映出了国家的整体进步，但是也给人民带来了其他的一些负面的影响。今后几年机动车辆数字还在急剧增加，道路超负荷承载，致使交通事故逐年增加。在一个交通十字路口，如果还是像以前一样由单纯的一种信号灯和交通警察的协调来维持交通是不够的。因此，我们根据题目的要求基于新型的交通规则进行设计交通控制系统，制成更为合理的交通信号灯及其附加功能。
为满足设计的需要，以选出目前在元件性能、价格等方面最为实际可行的器件来完成交通灯控制系统的制作。交通灯的基本功能以三菱小型PLC为核心利用驱动能力很强的CD4511来扩展数码管，并使用组态软件组态交通灯系统进行监控。制成的成品根据实际情况在基本的交通灯基础上还做了不少改进，使整个交通更为合理、更加井然有序减少路况发生。此外，我们的程序可根据不同时段对主要交通方向的信号进行调整，以适合如高峰期或特殊情况下的交通需求。这样可减少繁忙路线多数的交通混乱。这在很大程度上给人们的生活带来了便利，减少严重交通事故的发生。

关键词:交通灯 PLC 组态 监控

Abstract
Along with society's development, people's consumption level unceasing enhancement, personal vehicles unceasing increase, the human are many, the vehicle multi-path few road traffic condition was very already obvious. The traffic accident frequency sends, poses the enormous threat to the humanity safety. According to the statistical survey indicated: In the world total population, will have the nearly 19/100000 person to die every year of the traffic accident, this digit may compare with war's in casualty. The vehicles increase the reflection study abroad family's whole progress, but has also brought other negative influences to the people. jinhou ji nian the motor vehicle digit also in sharp growth, the path excess load load bearing, the cause traffic accident year by year increases. In a transportation intersection, if looked like before maintained the transportation by the pure one kind of signal light and traffic police's coordinated is equally insufficient. Therefore, we act according to the topic the request to carry on the design traffic control system based on the new traffic regulations, makes the more reasonable street-traffic control lights and the additional function. In order to satisfy the design the need, selects present in the part performance, the price and so on aspect most feasible components completes the traffic light control system's manufacture. Traffic light's basic function as the core expands the nixietube take Mitsubishi small PLC using driving force very strong CD4511, and uses the configuration software configuration traffic light system to carry on the monitoring. Makes the end product basis actual situation has also made many improvements in the basic traffic light foundation, causes the entire transportation to be more reasonable, the more systematic reduced state of roads occurrence. In addition, our procedure may act according to the different time interval to make the adjustment to the main traffic direction signal, suits like in the peak or the peculiar circumstance transportation demand. This may reduce the busy route most traffic disturbances. This gave people's life to bring the convenience to a great extent, reduced the serious traffic accident's occurrence.
key word: Traffic light PLC configuration monitoring

目录

摘要  1
Abstract   2
目录   3
第一章 绪论  4
1.1 交通控制的意义  4
1.2.1 路交通存在的主要问题   4
1.2.2 交通控制的目的   5
1.3 交通控制的类型   5
1.4 小结  6
第二章  方案论证  6
2.1 方案选择   6
2.2 PLC的选择  7
2.3 系统总体方案  8
2.4 小结  8
第三章 系统的硬件设计   9
3.1 显示电路及其驱动部分  9
3.1.2 LED显示器的简介   10
3.1.3 显示电路设计   11
3.2 方向灯的设计   12
3.3 PLC外部接线  13
3.4 系统电路设计   14
3.5 小结    15
第四章 程序设计   16
4.1程序设计整体思路   16
4.2 主程序设计  17
4.2.1 系统复位程序  17
4.2.1 系统时序程序设计  19
4.2.3 系统灯的驱动程序设计  20
4.3 显示程序设计 22
4.4 小结  23
第五章 系统监控的设计  24
5.1 MCGS简介   24
5.2 MCGS与PLC的通讯   24
5.3 监控画面的设计   29
5.4 建立实时数据库   29
5.5 脚本程序的编制  32
5.5.1 系统控制脚本程序   33
5.5.2 小车控制脚本程序   34
5.6系统的运行与调试   34
5.6.1 调试结果  34
5.6.2 调试心得  37
5.7小结  38
结论与展望   39
致  谢   40
参考文献  41
附录A：硬件图   42
附录B：英文文献及译文  47
中文译文  50
附录C：主要参考文献及摘要  52
附录D：程序   54
指令表  61
脚本程序  66
系统控制程序  66
灯的控制脚本程序 67
小车控制脚本程序  67
复位脚本程序  68