小功率UPS系统设计

论文编号:JD203 字数:21043,页数:44            

摘要
如今,高性能、高效率、小型轻量化和智能监控越来越成为各类不停电电源追求的目标，而数字控制技术的应用使得这些目标的实现更为简单。因此，对数字化控制不停电电源系统的探讨是十分必要和有意义的。
首先探讨了不停电电源的硬件架构，重点讲述了功率因数校正的整流器和逆变器主电路结构。以均值电流型功率因数校正技术为例详细分析了功率因数校正电路的工作原理，并给出了设计思路和设计时应注意的问题。对不停电电源的核心—逆变器在连续状态和离散状态下进行了模型分析，指出逆变器模型是一个双输入单输出的非线性模型，但是其非线性仅体现在负载扰动上。
在硬件架构的基础上还介绍了系统的软件功能。对不停电电源和市电之间的跟踪锁相问题进行了深入的探讨，分析了锁相技术的理论基础，总结了两种锁相算法并分析其各自的锁相过程和算法实现。对逆变器的控制技术，采用工程中应用广泛的PID控制器提高其动态性能和稳定性，介绍了参数的设计，并通过仿真详细分析其稳态和动态性能，对参数加以修正。
关键词:不停电电源 功率因数校正 均值电流控制;锁相瞬时值反馈 
PID   数字化控制

Abstract
Nowadays high performance becomes the destination of the development of UPS; therefore taking the research of digital controlled UPS is very important and meaningful。
A digital controlled UPS is presented here. Firstly, the topology of the system is studied. The principle of PFC rectifier is described in detail, with the average current mode controlled circuit as an example. And some problems should be given attention to are noticed here. The model of the half-bridge inverter is studied both in the continuous field and the discrete field, for the convenience of simulation and analysis. And the result that inverter is a double input, single output nonlinear model is pointed output then nonlinear of the model only presented by the nonlinearity of the load disrupt。
The phase-lock between the line input and inverter output is discussed here and the theoretic basis of the phase lock technique. Finally two algorithms are summed with implementation respectively. And the most widely used PID controller is used to improve the dynamic response of the inverter. The design of controller parameters is Introduce and the result was validated through simulation. The RMS control is added to the system as a result that Pm controller can't trace the sinusoidal signal without
steady-state error. The monitor system and the switching circuit are mentioned for the entirety of the system。
Keywords: Uninterruptible Power Supply    Power Factor Correction average current mode control    Phase lock Instantaneous feedback    PID   Digital control

目录

绪论.....................................................................6
1.1 UPS市场及产品发展概述................................................6
 1.1.1市场发展概述  .....................................................6
1.1.2 产品技术的发展.....................................................6
1.1.3功能方面............................................................6
1.1.4电路技术方面........................................................6
1.1.5电路结构方面........................................................7
1.2 UPS的分类及连接技术的发展............................................7
1.2.1 UPS的分类特点......................................................7
1.2.2 UPS产品的设计趋势..................................................8
1.2.3 控制电路全微处理器化...............................................8
1.2.4 UPS技术发展新动向..................................................9
1.2.5 采用DSP数字技术设计UPS.............................................9
1.3 UPS应用与负载性质....................................................9
1.3.1 UPS应用场合 .......................................................9
1.3.2 UPS的负载性质 .....................................................9
UPS的基本电路和工作原理 ................................................11
2.1整流器/充电器的基本概念..............................................11
2.1.1 单相半波、全波和桥式整流..........................................11
2.1.2 高频开关整流器....................................................12
2.2 UPS的辅助电源.......................................................14
正激变换器..............................................................14
2.2.2反激变换器.........................................................15
2.3准方波输出的后备式UPS的工作原理......................................16
2.3.1小功率后备UPS .....................................................16
大容量后备UPS ..........................................................17
2.4正弦波输出的后备式UPS工作原理........................................18
2.4.1技术性能 ..........................................................19
2.4.2 基本结构 .........................................................19
2.4.3 基本工作原理......................................................20
第三章  UPS系统设计.....................................................22
 3.1系统结构............................................................22
3.1.1三相SPWM逆变器.....................................................23
3.1.2静态开关切换电路...................................................24
3.1.3交流滤波电路.......................................................26
3.1.4EMI滤波器..........................................................26
3.2控制电路.............................................................27
3.2.1电压环补偿器的设计.................................................27
3.2.2电流环补偿器的设计.................................................30
第四章UPS电源系统的设计.................................................33
4.1UPS系统的小型轻量化设计 .............................................32
4.1.1主电路方式 ........................................................32
4.1.2整流器 ............................................................33
4.2UPS系统的高可靠行设计 ...............................................35
4.2.1单机运行高可靠性技术...............................................35
4.2.2UPS系统的高可靠性技术..............................................37
第五章UPS仿真...........................................................39
全文总结................................................................41
致谢....................................................................42
参考文献................................................................43