交流异步电机试验自动采集与控制系统的设计

论文编号:JD213        字数:39042,页数:67 有开题报告，任务书，文献综述

摘要:近年来，计算机的大量推广应用为自动测试系统的发展开拓了新的途径，近代电子技术的迅速发展又为提高电机试验的精度和速度、进行动态特性测试及采用新的测试方法提供了可能性，进一步推动了电机测试技术的发展。在这种发展背景下，我们进行了智能化电机自动测试与控制系统的探讨。
交流电机试验自动采集与控制系统的设计主要是通过对试验电源系统的设计、电机型式试验台的设计、智能仪表采集显示系统的设计、计算机采集处理系统的设计及电机试验报告自动生成等五大部分着手，实现了对电机试验的各项数据，即直流电阻、绝缘电阻、电流、电压、功率、转速、温度、振动、噪声等实行自动采样，所有数据经计算机处理分析后，自动生成试验报告。
关键词：三相异步电机  智能仪表  计算机  测试

Abstract :In recent years, the large quantity expansion application of the calculator is to tests automatically the development of the system expanded the new path, the technical and quick development in electronics in modern age is again for increase the accuracy that electrical engineering experiment is with the speed, proceed dynamic characteristic test and adoption the new test method provided the possibility, further pushing electrical engineering test technical development. Develop at this kind of background next, we proceeded the intelligence turns the electrical engineering the automatic test and control the study of the system.
The exchanges electrical engineering experiments the auto collects is the design, calculator that the design, intelligence gauge that the design to pass to experiment power supply system, electrical engineering pattern experiments the set to collect to show the system collect design and electrical engineerings that handles primarily with design that control the system the system experiment the report the auto the born waiting five big parts begin, realizing to various datas that electrical engineering experiment, namely direct current electric resistance, insulate the electric resistance, electric current, electric voltage, power and turn soon, temperature, vibration, noises etc. practices the auto adopts the kind, all data after calculator handles analysis, auto born experiment the report.

Keywords:  Three dissimilitudes and electrical engineering; Intelligence gauge;  Computer;  Test

目  录

摘  要 ......................................................................I
Abstract ...................................................................II
第1章  绪论 ................................................................1
1.1 概述 ....................................................................1
1.2 课题设计的研究意义及其研究内容...........................................1
1.4 目前此研究领域存在问题...................................................2
1.5 设计要求和试验项目.......................................................2
1.5.1设计要求................................................................2
1.5.2试验项目................................................................2
第2章  系统的测量原理........................................................4
2.1  系统各物理量的测量原理和方法 ...........................................4
2.2 测量误差的原理 ..........................................................5
2.2.1 误差的分类及定义 ......................................................5
2.2.2 提高精度和削弱系统误差的基本方法 ......................................7
2.2.3 测量结果的误差计算.....................................................8
第3章  电机测试方法..........................................................9
3.1 绝缘电阻的测定 ..........................................................9
3.1.1 试验目的及影响因素.....................................................9
3.1.2 测试仪器的选择.........................................................9
3.1.3 测量的方法 ............................................................9
3.1.4 测试标准 ..............................................................10
3.2 绕组冷态电阻的测定.......................................................10
3.2.1试验目的 ...............................................................10
3.2.2 测量仪器...............................................................10
3.2.3 测量方法.............................................................. 10
3.3 空载试验 ................................................................11
3.3.1 试验目的 ..............................................................11
3.3.2 试验仪器的选用.........................................................12
3.3.3 试验步骤 ..............................................................12
3.3.4 分析计算.............................................................. 13
3.3.5作空载特性曲线及分离铁耗和机械耗........................................14
3.4 堵转试验................................................................ 14
3.4.1 试验目的 ..............................................................14
3.4.2 对试验电源、仪表和测量装置的要求.......................................15
3.4.3 试验操作要点...........................................................15
3.4.4 控制流程...............................................................16
3.4.5 数据处理及计算分析 ....................................................16
3.5 温升试验 ................................................................17
3.5.1 温升试验概述...........................................................17
3.5.2 各种工作制电机的温升试验 ..............................................18
3.5.3 温升试验控制流程.......................................................20
3.6 负载试验................................................................ 21
3.6.1 试验目的及试验方法 ....................................................21
3.6.2 转差率的求取 ..........................................................21
3.6.3 效率的直接测定 ........................................................21
3.6.4 定子铜耗的求取 ........................................................22
3.6.5 转子铜耗和杂散耗 ......................................................23
3.6.6 负载试验操作流程 ......................................................23
3.6.7 工作特性曲线拟合.......................................................24
第4章  系统的电源设计 .......................................................25
4.1 试验用电源设备的一般要求 ................................................25
4.1.1 对谐波电压因数的要求...................................................25
4.1.2 对三相电源对称的要求...................................................25
4.1.3 对频率的要求...........................................................25
4.2 50HZ回馈试验试验电源机组原理 ............................................26
4.3 低频堵转试验试验电源机组原理 ............................................27
4.4 励磁电路的设计...........................................................28
4.4.1 三相桥式全控整流电路 ..................................................28
4.4.2 三相全控整流电路的触发电路 ............................................29
4.4.3 晶闸管元件的保护措施...................................................31
4.4.4 产品介绍：KCZ6.3型晶闸管三相全控桥控制板...............................32
第5章  采集系统的硬件设计....................................................35
5.1 系统总体设计框图.........................................................35
5.2 智能仪器仪表概述 ........................................................35
5.2.1 智能仪表与数据采集系统的基本组成.......................................35
5.2.2 智能仪器的主要特点.....................................................36
5.2.3 智能仪器的自动处理功能.................................................36
5.2.4 仪器测量精度的提高.....................................................37
5.2.5 干扰和数字滤波 ........................................................38
5.3 智能仪器仪表的选择 ......................................................38
5.3.1 三相交流电流互感器和电流变送器 ........................................38
5.3.2 组合型交流电压变送器...................................................40
5.3.3 三相三线有功无功功率变送器 ............................................41
5.3.4 频率变送器.............................................................42
5.3.5 多路智能巡检远传控制仪 ................................................42
5.3.6 JCZ型智能转矩转速传感器................................................43
5.3.7 数字显示仪............................................................ 45
5.4 串行传送的特点.......................................................... 46
5.5 串行数据传送方向........................................................ 47
5.5.1 全双工................................................................ 47
5.5.2 半双工................................................................ 47
5.6 RS-485串行通信接口的简介................................................ 48
5.7 RS-485/RS-232转换器的简介............................................... 49
5.8 利用RS-485通信时要注意的几个问题........................................ 49
5.8.1 接地问题...............................................................49
5.8.2 终端匹配...............................................................50
5.8.3 其他注意 ..............................................................50
5.9 控制电路的设计...........................................................50
第6章  系统的软件设计....................................................... 53
6.1 系统软件设计概述.........................................................53
6.2 程序功能及组成 ..........................................................55
6.2.1 试验数据初始化模块.....................................................55
6.2.3 试验控制模块...........................................................57
6.2.4 数据处理与曲线绘制模块 ................................................58
6.2.5 查询管理模块...........................................................58
参考文献 ....................................................................59
致  谢...................................................................... 60