噪音检测报警系统的设计与研究

论文编号:JD638  附任务书,答辩PPT,原理图,论文字数:20496,页数:48

摘 要

环境噪声监测，是人类提高生活质量，加强环境保护的一个重要环节，在各大城市的繁华街区和居民区，已有大型环境噪声显示器竖立街头。但目前国内的便携式噪声测试仪，多为价格昂贵的进口专用设备，除卫生、计量等环保专业部门拥有外，无法作为民用品推广普及。本文介绍一种以89C51单片机为核心，采用V/F转换技术构成的低成本、便携式数字显示环境噪声测量仪。该仪器工作稳定、性能良好，经校正测量误差小于1dB，测量范围为40——96dB，能满足一般民用需要，可广泛应用于工矿企业、机关学校等需要对环境噪声进行测量和控制的场合。

关键字：单片机；环境噪音；声压级；测量

Design and Studying of the warning systerm of noise measuring

Abstract
Environmental noise monitoring, it is the mankind that improves life quality, strengthen an important link of environmental protection, in the flourishing block of every large city and residential block , there are large-scale ambient noise displays that have erected the street already. But the domestic portable noise tester at present, are mostly imported dedicated devices costing an arm and a leg, except that there are such specialized departments of environmental protection as the hygiene , measuring ,etc., unable to is it popularize to popularize as civil product. This text introduces a kind of core of regarding 89C51 one-chip computer as, adopt low cost , portable digital display ambient noise measuring apparatus that V/F switch technology formed . This working stability of instrument , performance are good, smaller than 1dB through correcting the error of measuring, it is 40 to measure the range --96dB, can meet general civil need , can apply industrial and mining enterprises , organ school ,etc. need measure ambient noise and occasion that control extensively.

Key words:One-chip computer Ambient; noise; Sound pressure grade ;Measurement

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………….. ……………I
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………… II
绪论………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
噪音检测报警装置原理………………………………………………………… 3
检测电路的设计………………………………………………………………… 4
2.1传感器的结构和性能指标…………………………………………………………4
2.2 放大电路的设计………………………………………………………………… 5
2.3 V/F压频转换器的应用及外部电路………………………………………………8
2.3.1 压频转换器的结构………………………………………………………… 8
2.3.2 V/F转换的基本原理……………………………………………………… 10
2.4 AT89C51单片机的硬件结构…………………………………………………… 12
2.4.1 单片机的封装及管脚功能………………………………………………… 13
2.4.2 单片机的中央处理器及振荡电路………………………………………… 15
2.4.3 单片机的复位电路………………………………………………………… 18
报警电路及显示电路的设计…………………………………………………… 20
3.1 报警电路的设计及555的原理………………………………………………… 20
3.1.1 NE555的硬件结构………………………………………………………… 20
3.1.2 报警电路的设计…………………………………………………………… 26
3.1.3 设计思想…………………………………………………………………… 29
3.2 显示电路的设计及LCD的结构………………………………………………… 30
3.2.1 LCD的结构、指令功能和特点………………………………………………30
3.2.2 指令说明…………………………………………………………………… 33
第四章 稳压电源的设计………………………………………………………………… 36
第五章 噪音报警装置的软件设计……………………………………………………… 38
结论………………………………………………………………………………………… 42
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………… 43
致谢………………………………………………………………………………………… 44
附录………………………………………………………………………………………… 45