单片机液体点滴速度控制系统设计

论文编号:JD1046   论文字数:25834,页数:56  有开题报告，任务书，文献综述

摘    要：近年来随着科技的飞速发展，单片机的应用正在不断地走向深入，同时带动传统控制检测日新月益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往是作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构，以及针对具体应用对象特点的软件结合，以作完善。
 本设计介绍了一种智能输液速度测控系统。该系统主站采用586PC机作为主控制器，以AT89C51单片机作为智能节点控制器，构成一个分布式的主从局域控制网。采用光电传感原理实现对液体点滴速度的测量和液位检测，用步进电机拖动，控制储液瓶的高度，实现点滴速度的自动调节，使点滴输液变得更加方便和安全。
 从站采用单片机AT89C51作为核心器件来实现液体滴速的检测、滴速异常报警、滴速的设定及控制等，其软件采用MCS-51汇编语言实现。
 主站与从站之间的通信采用RS-485总线连接，有效地实现了主从式网络设计。

关 键 词：速度检测 自动调节 输液监控 串行通信

The Single-Chip Controlling System
Transfusion Speed in the Therapy

Abstract: With the development at full speed of science and technology in recent years, the application of the one-chip computer is being moved towards deepenning constantly, drive tradition is it measure crescent benefit to upgrade day to control at the same time. In measuring in real time and automatically controlled one-chip computer application system, the one-chip computer often uses as a key part, only one-chip computer respect knowledge is not enough, should also follow the concrete hardware structure , and direct against and use the software of target's characteristic to combine concretly, in order to do perfectly.
This design introduces an intelligence speed control system for transfusion. We use the 586 PC as the home site controller， AT89C51 single-chip by way of node controller, composes a distributed local control network. The system could detect the drops and the location of liquid through the transfer line with optic-electric detects technique. Control the high of bottle with an electromotor, realization transfusion speed automatic adjust, made transfusion become more convenience and safety.
 The subordinate site use AT89C51 Single-chip controller as the core instrument to realize the detection of the transfusion current velocity, the abnormal current velocity alarming, the setup and control of the current velocity, etc. This software is built by MCS-51 assembly language programming.
 We use the RS-485 bus unit to connect the communication of the home site and the subordinate site, this can greatly realize the home site and subordinate site network design.

Key words: Speed measure; Self-Correcting ; Transfusion control ; Serial communication.

目 录
 
摘    要 ……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

第1章  绪   论

1.1 单片机液体点滴速度控制的开发背景…………………………………………………1
1.2  单片机在液体点滴研究的现状………………………………………………………1
1.3  今后的发展方向及意义………………………………………………………………2

第2章  系统总体方案的确定

2.1  系统设计要求…………………………………………………………………………4
2.2  系统总体方案设计……………………………………………………………………4
2.3  各电路设计与器件选择………………………………………………………………5
  2.3.1 单片机的选择………………………………………………………………………5
 2.3.2 点滴速度检测电路设计……………………………………………………………6
 2.3.3步进电机……………………………………………………………………………7
 2.3.4键盘/显示电路设计…………………………………………………………………7
 2.3.5液位检测电路设计…………………………………………………………………8
 2.3.6报警电路设计………………………………………………………………………9
 2.3.7 通讯接口模块的设计………………………………………………………………9
  2.3.8  主站的设计……………………………………………………………………10

第3章  硬件设计

3.1 系统硬件设计…………………………………………………………………………12
3.2主站及通讯网络的设计………………………………………………………………12
3.3 点滴速度检测电路……………………………………………………………………13
3.4步进电机的驱动电路…………………………………………………………………15
3.5键盘/显示电路…………………………………………………………………………16
3.6液位检测电路…………………………………………………………………………17
3.7报警电路………………………………………………………………………………18
3.8通讯接口电路…………………………………………………………………………19

第4章  软件设计

4.1主机软件设计…………………………………………………………………………20
  4.1.1初始化………………………………………………………………………………21
  4.1.2巡回检测……………………………………………………………………………21
  4.1.3定点检测……………………………………………………………………………23
  4.1.4退出系统……………………………………………………………………………23
4.2 从机软件设计…………………………………………………………………………23
  4.2.1存储空间分配和I/O口说明……………………………………………………24
  4.2.2滴速判断、滴速控制及报警………………………………………………………25
  4.2.3键盘及显示程序……………………………………………………………………26
  4.2.4与主站通讯………………………………………………………………………27

结束语 ……………………………………………………………………………………29

参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………30

致谢 ………………………………………………………………………………………31

附录 A 从站程序……………………………………………………………………………32
附录 B 主站程序……………………………………………………………………………42
附录 C 系统从站电路总图…………………………………………………………………50