摘要:火灾自动报警系统属于楼宇自动化范畴，是当前楼宇自动化的一个主要构成系统。其设置目的是为了防止和减少火灾危害，保护人身和财产安全。火灾报警技术是预防火灾的一项基础工作，应用范围广泛。报警早，损失少，不仅对发生火灾的单位和个人具有重要作用，而且对公安消防监督机构及时扑灭火灾、减少人员伤亡和财产损失同样具有十分重要的现实意义。
火灾自动报警系统由触发器件、火灾报警装置、火灾警报装置及具有其他辅助功能的装置组成。随着电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展，火灾自动报警系统的结构、形式越来越灵活多样，很难精确划分为几种固定的模式。火灾自动报警技术趋向于智能化系统，这种系统可组合成任何形式的火灾自动报警网络形式，既可以是区域报警系统，又可以是集中报警系统或控制中心报警系统形式。
所谓智能火灾自动报警系统，应当是：使用探测器件将火灾发生期间所产生的烟、温、光等信号以模拟量形式，连同外界相关的环境参数一起传送给报警器，报警器再根据获取的数据及内部存储的大量数据，利用火灾模型判据来判断火灾是否存在，这样的系统称为智能火灾自动报警系统。由于该系统为解决火灾报警系统存在的两个难题（误报、漏报）提供了新的方法和手段，并在处理火灾真伪方面表现出明显的有效性和创新性，这是火灾自动报警系统在技术上的飞跃。从传统型走向智能型，是国内外火灾自动报警系统技术发展的必然趋势。
关键词:智能火灾报警器 单片机
Abstract: The fire auto alarm system belongs to the building automation category, is a current building automation compose largely system. Its establishment goal is to prevent with the reduction fire hazard, protects the person and the property safety. The fire warning technology is a fire preventing's foundation work, the application scope is widespread. The warning early, damages lacks, not only to has fire's unit and individual has the influential role, moreover to the public security fire prevention cognizant agency prompt suppress a fire, reduces the personnel casualty and the property damage has the very vital practical significance similarly. The fire auto alarm system by the trigger device, the fire alarm device, the fire alarm device and has other auxiliary function installment to be composed. Along with the electronic technology and computer technology's rapidly expand, the fire auto alarm system's structure, the form are getting more and more flexible diversely, the very difficult precise division is several kind of fixed patterns. The fire auto-alarm technology tends to the intellectualized system, this kind of system may combine any form the fire auto-alarm network form, both may be the region alarm system, and may be concentrates the alarm system or the control center alarm system form. The so-called intelligent fire auto alarm system, must be: The smoke which the use survey component has period produces, warm the fire, the light equisignal to simulate the quantity form, transmits together with the outside related environment parameter for the alarm apparatus, the alarm apparatus again the mass data which saves according to the gain data and the interior, judges the fire using the fire model criterion whether to exist, such system is called the intelligent fire auto alarm system. Because this system for the solution fire alarm system existence's two difficult problems (misinformation, failed to report) has provided the new method and the method, and displayed the obvious validity and the innovation in the processing fire truth aspect, this was the fire auto alarm system leap technically. Moves toward the intelligence from the tradition, is the domestic and foreign fire auto alarm system technological development inevitable trend.
key word: Intelligent fire alarm apparatus monolithic integrated circuit
