开关稳压电源设计

论文编号:JD049  字数:31671,页数:47

摘要
 
     随着电力电子技术的告诉发展，电力电子设备与人们的工作、生活的关系日益密切，而电子设备都离不开可靠的电源，进入80年代计算机电源全面实现了开关电源化，率先完成计算机的电源换代，进入90年代开关电源相继进入各种电子、电器设备领域，程控交换机、通讯、电子检测设备电源、控制设备电源等都已广泛地使用了开关电源，更促进了开关电源技术的迅速发展。开关电源是利用现代电力电子技术，控制开关晶体管开通和关断的时间比率，维持稳定输出电压的一种电源，开关电源一般由脉冲宽度调制（PWM）控制IC和MOSFET构成。开关电源和线性电源相比，二者的成本都随着输出功率的增加而增长，但二者增长速率各异。线性电源成本在某一输出功率点上，反而高于开关电源，这一成本反转点。随着电力电子技术的发展和创新，使得开关电源技术在不断地创新，这一成本反转点日益向低输出电力端移动，这为开关电源提供了广泛的发展空间。
 
 关键词:开关电源  稳压  瞬间电压
 
 Abstract
     Tells the development along with the electric power electronic technology, the electric power electronic installation and people's work, the life relations are day by day close, but the electronic installation cannot leave the reliable power source, has realized the switching power supply comprehensively since the 80s computer power source, takes the lead to complete computer's power source update, entered each kind of electronic, the electric appliance equipment domain one after another since the 90s switching power supply, the program controlled switch, the communication, the electron check-out facility power source, the control device power source and so on widely has used the switching power supply, promoted the switching power supply technology rapidly expand. The switching power supply is uses the modern electric power electronic technology, controlling switch transistor clear and the shutdown time ratio, the maintenance stable output voltage one kind of power source, the switching power supply (PWM) controls IC and the MOSFET constitution generally by the pulse width modulation. The switching power supply and the linear power source compare, the two's cost increases along with the output grows, but the two growth speed varies. The linear power source cost lights in some output, instead is higher than the switching power supply, this cost point of inversion. Along with the electric power electronic technology's development and the innovation, cause the switching power supply technology to innovate unceasingly, this cost point of inversion to the low output electric power end migration, this has provided the widespread development opportunities day by day for the switching power supply.
 
 key word: Switching power supply constant voltage instantaneous voltage
 
 目  录

第一章 绪论…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . .. …………. ..1
1.1 开关电源的基本概念……………………………………………………. . . .1
1.2  开关电源的发展…………………………………………. . . . ………… .. .2
1.2.1  开关电源的发展状况…………………………………………………….2
1.2.2 开关电源的技术追求和发展趋势…………………………………………3
1.3 开关电源的技术动态和要点…………………………………………………4
1.4 小节…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . ………… .. . ..5
第二章 开关电源的基本分类和工作原理………………………………6
2.1  开关电源电路基本分类……………………………………………………6
2.1.1 选择开关电源………………………………………. . . …………. . … ..6
2.1.2开关电源的分类…………………………………………. ………… . .. . ..6
2.2  开关稳压电源的基本工作原理……………………………………………9
2.2.1  TOPSwitch系列单片开关电源的工作原理……………………………9
2.2.2 TOPSwitch-Ⅱ的性能测试…………………………………………………10
2.2.3  开关稳压电源的工作原理………………………………………………11
2.2.4四种反馈电路的基本类型 ………………………………………………13
2.2.5  单片开关电源的两种工作模式…………………………………………14
2.3 小节…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . ……….. . ..14
第三章小功率通用开关稳压电源的研制……………. .. ………. .. . ..15
3.1性能特点及技术指标………………………………………………. . . . ..15
3.2 TOP224P型的管脚功能………………………………………………. . . 15
3.2.1  TOP224P的工作原理……………………………………………. . .  . ..16
3.3 开关电源电路中的关键元器件的选择与设计……………………………20
3.3.1 TL431型可调式精密并联稳压器………………………………………20
3.3.2 线性光耦合器PC817………………………………………………. . . .21
3.3.3 瞬态电压抑制器……………………………………………. . . … . .. . ..22
3.3.4快恢复及超快恢复二极管………………………………………………. . . . .23
3.4  开关电源的设计原理………………………………………………. . . . ..24
3.4.1  开关电源的的工作原理及电路图……………………………………24
3.4.2电磁干扰滤波器…………………………………………. . . . .. … . .. . ..26
3.5反激式单片开关电源的基本原理…………………………………………26
3.6高频变压器的设计和绕制方法………………………………………….28
3.6.1 单片开关电源高频变压器的设计要点…………………………………28
3.6.2高频变压器的绕制注意事项…………………………………………….29
3.7输出整流滤波电路的设计……………………………………………. . . . 29
3.7.1输出整流电路的设计…………………………………………. . . … . ..29
3.7 .2输出滤波电路的设计…………………………………………. . … . . ..30
3.8计算机设计单片开关电源的程序流程图…………………………………30
3.9单片开关电源设计方法和步骤…………………………………………34
3.10 小节…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . 40
第四章    开关电源设计的总结……………………………………41
4.1设计实验结果分析…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . ..41
4.2设计试验总结…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . ..  ..41
参考文献…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . .. . ..46
致谢…………………………………………. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. .47