多传感器障碍物检测系统的软件设计

论文编号:JD110     字数:21559,页数:54

摘要：本设计较详细地介绍了一种多传感器障碍物检测系统的软件设计。该系统以单片机为核心，通过检测微波雷达探测器的信号来适时地启动温度传感器、速度传感器、超声波传感器等。对这些传感器输出值的检测量化，得到距离、速度、温度等值。通过合理的计算，把这些变量因素组合在一起，对各种数据进行修正补偿，得出比较精确的结果。论文描述了系统研制的理论基础，多个传感器功能结构，以及使用性能优良的AVR单片机ATmega8L对系统所起的积极作用。论文概述了几种检测技术的发展现状及基本原理，介绍了ATmega8L单片机及其各主要寄存器的功能特点。针对检测系统的测距、测温、测速、显示、报警、补偿修正等部分的软件设计方案进行了论证与设计。

关键词：雷达探测；温度检测；速度检测；超声波检测；ATmega8L

The software design of Multisensor obstacle detected system

Abstract: the software design about the system of a multi-sensor obstacle detecting has been introduced detailly in this design. the system is cored of SCM, and initiates the temperature sensor, speed sensor and ultrasonic sensors at the appropriate time by detecting the signal of microwave radar detector. Having gotten the distance, speed, temperature by checking and measuring the output of these sensors. And have the accurate results by calculating reasonably, compounding these variables together, and amending and compensating the various data that. The paper has described the theoretical basis of the developed system, the function structure of several sensors, and the active role played by the use of the excellent performance of the AVR ATmega8L. The paper has outlined the development and the basic principles of several the detected technology, and introduced the ATmega8L microcontroller and the function features of its register. the verification and design have been made according to the software design scheme about detecting the location, temperature, speed, display, alarm, compensation and amendment of the system.

Key words: Radar Detection, Temperature Detection, Speed detection, Ultrasonic detection, ATmega8L

目　　录
第1章　绪论.............................................................. 1
1.1　前言 ............................................................... 1
1.2　国外汽车防撞技术.................................................... 1
第2章　障碍物检测系统的基本原理及设计方案...............................  3
2.1　微波雷达探测器.....................................................  3
2.2　超声波换能器 ....................................................... 4
2.3　速度传感器 ......................................................... 7
2.4　温度传感器 ......................................................... 7
2.5　系统的总体设计概述.................................................  8
第3章　系统软件设计.....................................................  9
3.1　微波雷达探测.......................................................  12
3.2　超声波检测 ......................................................... 12
3.2.1　超声波发射 ....................................................... 13
3.2.2　超声波接收 ....................................................... 19
3.3　速度检测 ........................................................... 23
3.3.1　速度补偿原理与算法 ................................................23
3.3.2　ADC功能特点及其寄存器配置..........................................24
3.4　温度检测......................................................  .....28
3.4.1　补偿原理与算法.....................................................28
3.4.2　服务程序及其寄存器配置 ............................................28
3.5　LED动态扫描显示......................................................30
3.6　声音报警...................................................... ..... 31
第4章　系统调试分析及结果 ................................................33
4.1 本系统开发调试环境 .................................................. 33
4.1.1　ImageCraft ICC AVR编译器...........................................33
4.1.2　PonyProg2000串行器件编程器 ........................................35
4.1.3　程序的下载调试 ................................................... 36
4.2　程序调试过程 ....................................................... 37
4.2.1　动态显示 ......................................................... 38
4.2.2　超声波信号产生 ................................................... 38
4.2.3　输入捕捉.........................................................  39
4.2.4　超声检测联机调试 ................................................. 40
结论 .................................................................... 41
参考文献 ................................................................ 42
附录　系统程序..........................................................  43
致谢 ....................................................... .............49