3.0吨调度绞车的设计

论文编号:JX231 所有图纸,任务书.论文字数:23277.页数:97

摘   要

     本次设计的题目是3吨调度绞车的设计。调度绞车由于结构简单、重量不大、移动方便，而被广泛应用于矿山地面、冶金矿场或建筑工地等进行调度和其它运输工作。
绞车的主要特点为：结构尺寸和重量较小、钢丝绳速度不高，安装及撤除操作方便、启动平衡（稳）、故障率低、常见故障易处理、维护方便。
我国许多调度绞车的设计是引进前苏联的技术，并在其基础上作了一些改进，本设计方案的主要特点：该型绞车采用两级内啮合传动和一级行星轮传动。Z1/Z2和Z3/Z4为两级内啮合传动，Z5、Z6、Z7组成行星传动机构。在电动机轴头上安装着加长套的齿轮Z1，通过内齿轮Z2、齿轮Z3和内齿轮Z4，把运动传到齿轮Z5上，齿轮Z5是行星轮系的中央轮（或称太阳轮），再带动两个行星齿轮Z6和大内齿轮Z7。行星齿轮自由地装在2根与带动固定连接的轴上，大内齿轮Z7齿圈外部装有工作闸，用于控制绞车滚筒运转。
为了达到良好的均载效果，在设计的均载机构中采取无多余约束的浮动方式。另外，变位齿轮的使用也可以获得准确的传动比，提高啮合传动质量和承载能力。
本次设计主要对两级内啮合传动和一级行星轮传动、滚筒结构、制动器等进行了详细的设计。

关键词： 调度绞车；行星齿轮；行星传动；内啮合传动

Abstract

       The design is the subject of three tons scheduling winch design. Scheduling winch as simple structure, less weight, mobile convenience, and the ground was widely used in mining, metallurgical mines or construction sites, such as dispatching and other transportation work.
  Winch the main features are: small size and weight of the structure, the rope speed is not high, installation and removal easy to operate, start balance (stability), the failure rate is low and easy to deal with common fault, and easy maintenance. Many of our scheduling winches are designed to introduce the former Soviet Union, and on the basis of their made some improvements, the design of the main features: the use of two-winch internal drive and a planetary gear transmission. Z1/Z2 and Z3/Z4 for two Internal Drive, Z5, Z6, Z7 composition of planetary transmission mechanism. Installation of the motor shaft head of the extended sets of gear Z1, through the gears Z2, with gear Z3 and Z4, the movement spread to gear Z5, the Z5 is the planetary gear wheel of a central round (or round the sun), Further promote the two planetary gear Z6, and the gear Z7. Planetary gear freely installed in the two driven and connected to a fixed axis, the largest in the gear Z7 Gear work with the external gateway, used to control winch drum operation.
  In order to achieve good results, are contained in the design of the bodies contained no extra bound to take the floating manner. In addition, the use of variable gear can also get accurate than the drive to improve the quality and meshing transmission capacity.
 The design of the two main transmissions and meshing with a planetary gear transmission, the drum structure, such as brake carried out a detailed design.

Key words: scheduling winch; planetary gear; planetary transmission; Internal Drive

目    录

一、整体方案设计 ..........................................................1
1.1产品的名称、用途及主要设计参数 .........................................1
1.2整体设计方案的确定..................................................... 1
1.3 设计方案的改进........................................................ 2
二、牵引钢丝绳直径及卷筒直径的确定....................................... 3
2.1 钢丝绳的选择.......................................................... 3
2.1.1  计算钢丝绳直径..................................................... 3
2.1.2钢丝绳强度校核：..................................................... 3
2.2卷筒................................................................... 3
2.2.1  卷筒的名义直径 .....................................................3
2.2.2 确定卷筒的宽度B..................................................... 4
2.2.3 初选钢丝绳的缠绕层数为: .............................................4
2.2.5 确定卷筒直径........................................................ 4
2.2.6 卷筒厚度：.......................................................... 4
三、电机的选取：......................................................... 6
3.1系统的总效率........................................................... 6
3.2绳速的确定............................................................. 6
3.3电机的选型 .............................................................6
四、总传动比的计算及传动比的分配.......................................... 7
4.1总传动比的计算：....................................................... 7
4.2 传动比的分配 ..........................................................7
五、两级内齿圈传动设计................................................... 9
5.1齿轮材料处理工艺及制造工艺的选定....................................... 9
5.2确定各主要参数 .........................................................9
5.2.1传动比............................................................... 9
5.2.2 第一级传动齿轮模数m................................................. 9
5.2.3  内啮合标准圆柱齿轮传动几何尺寸的计算............................... 10
5.2.4  齿轮接触疲劳强度计算............................................... 10
5.2.5齿轮强度校验 .........................................................12
5.3  第二级传动齿轮模数m ..................................................16
5.3.1  内啮合标准圆柱齿轮传动几何尺寸的计算 ...............................17
5.3.2  齿轮接触疲劳强度设计计算........................................... 17
5.3.3  齿轮强度校验....................................................... 20
六、行星轮传动设计....................................................... 24
6.1齿轮材料处理工艺及制造工艺的选定 .......................................24
6.2确定各主要参数......................................................... 24
6.2.1传动比............................................................... 24
6.2.2行星轮数目........................................................... 24
6.2.3载荷不均衡系数....................................................... 24
6.2.4 配齿计算............................................................ 24
6.2.5 太阳轮分度圆直径.................................................... 25
6.2.6计算变位系数 .........................................................26
6.3几何尺寸计算 ...........................................................29
6.4 啮合要素计算.......................................................... 30
6.4.1 a—c传动端面重合度.................................................. 30
6.4.2 c—b传动端面重合度 ..................................................30
6.5 齿轮强度验算 ..........................................................31
6.5.1 外啮合.......................................................... ....31
6.5.2 内啮合 ..............................................................36
七、主轴的结构设计.........................................................40
7.1轴的材料的选定 .........................................................40
7.2 轴直径的初步估算 ......................................................40
7.3轴的结构设计 ...........................................................40
八、行星轴的结构设计和校核 ................................................55
8.1行星轴................................................................. 55
8.1.1结构设计 .............................................................55
8.1.2行星轴材料........................................................... 55
8.1.3 轴的受力分析........................................................ 55
8.1.4按当量弯矩计算轴径 ...................................................56
8.1.5轴的疲劳强度安全因数校核计算 .........................................56
8.1.6轴的表强度安全因数校核计算 ...........................................57
8.2行星轴校验............................................................. 58
8.2.1 轴径................................................................ 58
8.2.2行星轴材料 ...........................................................58
8.2.3 轴的受力分析 ........................................................58
8.2.4按当量弯矩计算轴径................................................... 59
8.2.5轴的疲劳强度安全因数校核计算 .........................................60
8.2.6轴的表强度安全因数校核计算........................................... 61
九、行星架结构设计 .......................................................63
9.1行星架形式的确定和材料的选定........................................... 63
9.2行星架的技术要求 .......................................................63
十、轴承及校核............................................................ 65
10.1调心滚子轴承.......................................................... 65
10.2深汮球轴承............................................................ 66
十一、联接（普通平键联接） ...............................................69
11.1主轴上的平键联接...................................................... 69
11.1.1 键的选取 ...........................................................69
11.1.2 键联接的强度校核................................................... 69
11.2滚筒和行星架之间的联接................................................ 70
11.2.1键的选取 ............................................................70
11.2.2键联接的强度校核.................................................... 70
十二、减速器铸造机体结构尺寸.............................................. 71
12.1铸造机体的壁厚 ........................................................71
12.2螺栓直径.............................................................. 71
十三、制动器的设计计算 ...................................................72
13.1制动器的作用与要求.................................................... 72
13.1.1制动器的作用 ........................................................72
13.1.2制动器的要求........................................................ 72
13.2制动器的类型比较与选择 ................................................72
13.2.1制动器的类型 ........................................................72
13.2.2制动器的选择........................................................ 72
13.3外抱闸式制动器结构.................................................... 72
13.4外抱闸式制动器的几何参数计算 ..........................................73
十四、主要零件的技术要求................................................. 79
14.1对齿轮的要求.......................................................... 79
14.1.1齿轮精度 ............................................................79
14.1.2对行星轮制造方面的几点要求 ..........................................79
14.1.3齿轮材料和热处理要求 ................................................79
十五、维护及修理 ..........................................................80
15.1润滑.................................................................. 80
15.2维护.................................................................. 80
15.3修理.................................................................. 80
Abstract ..................................................................81
摘要 ......................................................................88
毕业设计总结 ..............................................................94
参考文献.................................................................. 95