本设计是基于单片机控制的数控X-Y工作台系统设计—总体设计,首先根据设计任务对机械传动部件进行计算与选型,其次是步进电动机的计算选型;由于系统采用的是半闭环控制,因此机械系统装配有增量式旋转编码器。
在系统控制电路设计上,CPU采用的是AT89C52单片机,通过设有输出稳定直流电的驱动电源、光电隔离电路、开光量输入电路等,大大提高了微机的抗干扰能力,防止微机受干扰而误动。在外围电路的设计上,使用了可编程控制器8255A、步进电机驱动芯片ULN2003、三态缓冲器74LS240/74LS244、锁存器74LS373、8位8段共阴极数码管等芯片,在外围电路芯片的选择上以尽量节省I/O口、性价比较高、技术成熟以及市场上通用芯片为基准,故控制系统电路结构简单,性能更优越。
系统的人机接口设计了一个四行四列的矩阵式键盘作为指令的输入,和一个8位8段共阴数码管的动态显示电路;程序在Keil软件进行编译和调试,并在Proteus环境中实现程序及电路的仿真。
关键字:步进电机 X-Y工作台 单片机 微控制器
Design of X-Y NC Worktable Based on Microcontroller
——Overall Design
ABSTRACT
The NC XY table system design is based on the microcomputer, first, calculation and chooses the transmission parts according to the design task, second, the calculation of step motor selection; because the system uses a semi-closed loop control, the mechanical system is equipped with incremental rotary encoder.
In the control circuit design, used an AT89C52 microcontroller for CPU, with stable DC output by the driving power, optical isolation circuit and Switch output circuit and so on. Raise the level of protect their own computer interference. To prevent interference to computer malfunction.In the design of the external circuit, use a programmable controller 8255A, ULN2003 stepper motor driver IC, tri-State buffer 74LS240/74LS244, flip-latch 74LS373, 8-bit Common cathode LED digital tube and some other chips, the choices of the external circuit chip basis on try to save on I/O port, high costly with price lower, mature technology and Universal chip market,so control system circuit is Simple, and Superior performance.
Man-machine interface of the system use a 4*4 Matrix keyboard for command input, and a 8-bit common cathode LED digital tube; program compiler and debug in Keil, and use Proteus environment to achieve in the process and circuit simulation.
Key words: Step-motor X-Y table Chip-Single Microcomputer Microcontroller