《一个干净明亮的地方》中隐喻的语篇功能探究

论文编号:YY292  字数:9981.页数:29，有开题报告，任务书，文献综述

摘    要
 海明威短篇小说《一个干净明亮的地方》被誉为是经典之作。该小说充分展现了海明威简洁凝练的写作手法。文中的隐喻在蕴含深刻的主题意义之外，还与语篇的篇章连贯有着密切的关系。众所周知，隐喻是语言学领域中重要的一个研究对象，随着语言学与多学科之间的联系日益紧密，隐喻在认知方面有了新的突破。
    本文着眼于隐喻的篇章认知功能，把概念隐喻和隐喻扩展特征应用到海明威小说《一个干净明亮的地方》的文本分析中去。首先，本文将收集目前国内外学者们对于海明威短篇小说《一个干净明亮的地方》所做的研究资料和成果，对其进行整理和归纳，列出其中一些具有代表性的研究结论。接下来综述当前语言学在隐喻方面的研究动态，探讨隐喻的工作机制，以及隐喻作为一种语篇组织构建手段如何实现语篇的语义连贯。然后分析海明威的短篇小说《一个干净明亮的地方》，从语篇中的主要隐喻——“一个干净明亮的地方”入手，分析该隐喻中蕴涵的几个小隐喻“树叶阴影”和“迟”、“黑暗”，解读这些隐喻并且分析它们通过映射和语义的互相作用，最后实现它们所蕴含的深层含义。通过分析，读者可以发现它们在文中串成一条主线，主导该篇小说的语篇连贯。最后文中指出《一个干净明亮的地方》里面隐喻对于全文的语义连贯是有至关重要作用的。
    本文的目的在于运用隐喻相关理论成果探讨《一个干净明亮的地方》中隐喻在其表层意义之下，通过“源域”和“目标域”之间的映射和相互作用达成全文的结构和语义连贯。通过分析可以得出结论：作为一种语篇组织和构建手段，隐喻在该短篇小说中有核心地位。隐喻的语篇功能在分析海明威作品中所起的作用是不可忽视的。

 关键词：隐喻；语篇连贯；《一个干净明亮的地方》

ABSTRACT
    A Clean Well-Lighted Place is a representative of Hemingway's short stories, which has fully reflected Hemingway's shrift and concise writing style. Metaphors in the text not only contain profound meanings in theme but also have close relation with its textual coherence. After prolific investigations into metaphor over the past few years, the focus of metaphor research has shifted from lexical and syntactical levels to textual level. In terms of cognition, metaphor is a kind of thought, as well as a way of constructing text and recognizing the whole world.
    The textual cognitive function of metaphor is involved in the thesis and conceptual metaphors are employed in textual analysis of Hemingway's short story A Clean, Well-lighted Place. In the first place, relevant studies that have been done both home and abroad upon A Clean, Well-lighted Place will be collected and summarized, among which the most representative ones will be listed. In the second place, a general review on studies of metaphor will be made and discussion about its mechanism and vital function in achieving textual coherence will be brought forth and presented in detail. In the third place, great attention will be paid to metaphor A CLEAN, WELL-LIGHTED PLACE, moreover, some other important elements in the basic metaphor, such as THE SHADOW OF LEAVES, LATE and DARK. By discussing their metaphorical features and their textual function, their deep meanings are explored. A CLEAN, WELL-LIGHTED PLACE, the core of extended metaphors in the story serves as an implied line that connects the whole text and plays an indispensable role in accomplishing the textual coherence in A Clean, Well-lighted Place.
    The purpose of this thesis is to apply the contemporary theory of metaphor to analyze the coherent functions of metaphors in A Clean, Well-lighted Place. Based on patient analysis, the conclusion is that metaphor, as a means of constructing a text, occupies a chief position in the short story. Therefore, it is of great significance in understanding and investigating into Hemingway's works.

Keywords: metaphor; textual coherence; A Clean, Well-lighted Place

Contents
1. Introduction  1
2. Literature Review of Studies on Hemingway's A Clean, Well-lighted Place 2
2.1. Studies Abroad 2
2.2. Studies at Home 3
2.3. Summary 5
3. Mechanism and Textual Function of Metaphor 6
3.1 Mechanism of Metaphor 6
3.1.1 History of Metaphor Research 6
3.1.2 How does Metaphor Work? 7
3.1.3 A Definition of Metaphor 10
3.1.4 Conceptual Metaphor 11
3.2 Textual Function of Metaphor 11
3.2.1 Cognitive Features of Metaphor and Textual Coherence 11
3.2.1.1 Projection 12
3.2.1.2 Interaction  12
3.2.2 Semantic Features of Metaphor and Textual Coherence 13
3.3 Metaphor Features and Metaphor Interpretation 14
3.4 Summary 15
4 Textual Function of Metaphors in A Clean, Well-lighted Place 16
4.1 Metaphor "A Clean, Well-lighted Place"  16
4.2 Metaphor and Textual Coherence   21
4.5 Summary 24
5. Conclusion 25
  Acknowledgements 26
  References 27