固相微萃取吸附水中有机污染物的研究

论文编号:HG197  论文字数:8831,页数:22

摘  要：本论文采用固相微萃取-气相色谱法研究石英纤维对水中有机物吸附的行为，以及不同吸附时间、电压、电解质浓度、有机物浓度等不同参数对吸附的影响。实验结果表明：对硝基苯、苯酚，石英纤维吸附的能力不同，石英纤维对硝基苯的吸附较苯酚强。但石英纤维对两种有机物的吸附量随着目标有机物浓度的增加而增加。在不同的电压下，石英纤维对有机物的吸附量随着时间的增加而增加。固相微萃取技术在国内尤其是环境监测中没有很好的普及，但固相微萃取技术在水质检测中方法便捷、快速，可以实行现场检测，具有很好的应用前景。
关键词：石英纤维；固相微萃取；气相色谱

Abstract: In this artical, the equipment of solid phase micro—extraction was used to adsorb the organic contaminants in the water. And the adsorb time、voltage、electrolyte solution、organic concentration were considered to discuss whether they got the influence to the adsorbtion。According to the results, the phenol and the nitrobenzene were absorbed differently. The  nitrobenzene was absorbed much better by the quartz fiber. The absorbtion of the quartz fiber increased with the increase of the organic concentration. Under the different voltage, the absorbtion of the quartz fiber increased with the increase of time.
SPME wasn’t used widely in China,especially in the area of environment monitoring. But it can be used very conveniently and quickly in the water testing, and also be used in the working field.So the prospect of SPME will be fantastic!
Keywords: quartz fiber;Solid-Phase Microextraction;gas chromatography

目  录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 III
1. 绪论 1
 1.1 固相微萃取技术 1
 1.1.1 装置和使用模式 2
 1.1.2 萃取理论 3
 1.1.3 萃取介质 3
 1.1.4 SPME在挥发有机物分析中的应用研究进展 4
 1.2 水中有机污染物的危害 6
 1.2.1 苯酚 6
 1.2.2 硝基苯 7
2. 实验部分 8
 2.1 主要试剂、材料、仪器 8
 2.1.1 主要试剂、材料 8
 2.1.2 主要仪器 8
 2.1.3 气相色谱条件 8
 2.2 实验方法与步骤 8
 2.2.1 储备液的配制 8
 2.2.2 实验装置 9
 2.2.3 实验操作 9
3. 结果与讨论 11
 3.1 不同电压、吸附时间对石英纤维吸附苯酚的影响 11
 3.2 不同电压、吸附时间对石英纤维吸附硝基苯的影响 12
 3.3 石英纤维对苯酚的吸附实验 13
 3.4 石英纤维对硝基苯的吸附实验 14
4．总结与展望 15
 4.1 结论 15
 4.2 存在的不足与建议 15
致谢 16
参考文献 17