聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备及性能的研究

论文编号:CL096  论文字数:8054,页数:20

摘要：本文介绍了硬质发泡聚氨酯泡沫塑料的产生过程其反应的机理和其所得产品所拥有的特殊的性能，并通过改变发泡剂的配比结合其所得的产品的表征，找到发泡剂的最佳配比，同时改变发泡剂的用量和向原料中添加无机填料（碳酸钙粉末），从定性和定量的角度来了解它们对聚氨酯泡沫压缩性能的影响.用DSC差示扫描量热仪测试样热性能，了解其产品的适用环境.通过这些探索性实验对聚氨酯泡沫塑料有一个全面的了解，且对聚氨酯泡沫塑料在未来社会生活、生产中的应用前景做一定的展望。

关键词：硬质聚氨酯泡沫；压缩性能；碳酸钙

Abstract：This article describes the rigid polyurethane foams’ generation process its reaction mechanism and its special abilities. By changing the foaming agent’s  contents and the ratio and compaired with their special income, find the best proportion of foaming agent . At the same time changing the dosage of foaming agent and adding inorganic material(CaCO3 powder) , analysis their influence to the foams’ compression
performance from the perspective of qualitative and quantitative.Using DSC differential scanning calorimeter test sample’s thermal performance.Have a comprehensive cognitive about the rigid polyurethane foams,and make a estimated about it’s application prospect in the future.

Keyword: Rigid Polyurethane Foams ；Compression performance; CaCO3

目  录
中文摘要............................................................I
英文摘要............................................................II
目录...............................................................III 
1．绪论  ...........................................................1
  1.1 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料概况........................................1
       1.1.1 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的特性及发展概况.....................1
       1.1.2 聚氨酯的合成原理.......................................2
  1.2 聚氨酯硬泡的原料与助剂........................................3
       1.2.1 异氰酸酯...............................................3
       1.2.2 多元醇.................................................4
       1.2.3 发泡剂.................................................4
       1.2.4  催化剂................................................5
       1.2.5 泡沫稳定剂.............................................5
   1.3 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料作为结构材料的应用范围.....................5
   1.4 课题的提出...................................................5
实验部分..........................................................6
   2.1 原料和仪器...................................................6
        2.1.1 原料和试剂............................................6
        2.1.2 实验仪器..............................................6
   2.2 实验步骤.....................................................6
        2.2.1 药品配置和发泡........................................6
        2.2.2  测密度...............................................7
        2.2.3 DSC的测定.............................................8
        2.2.4 测样品的压缩性能......................................8
3 结果和讨论........................................................8
   3.1样品密度和压缩强度测试结果....................................9
   3.2 聚氨酯压缩性能的影响因素.....................................10
        3.2.1 异氰酸酯指数.........................................10
        3.2.2 发泡剂-水........ ...................................11
    3.3 样品的DSC谱图..............................................11
    3.4 催化剂的选择...............................................12
4  总结与展望......................................................13
致谢...............................................................14
参考文献...........................................................15