微量注射泵控制系统设计

机械设计制造及其自动化论文，论文编号:JX1063  论文字数:30586.页数:60

摘  要
 目前，在医院使用的微量注射泵俗称“微泵”在手术室病房使用较多，在一定程度上减轻了医务人员的劳动强度，给病人提供持续的给药方式，避免了一次给药等药物产生的峰值效应对人体肝肾等脏器损害，大大减少总药用量，给病人带来了福音，给医务人员带来方便。由于微泵价格较贵难以推广应用，国产价格几千至一万多元不等，进口价格二至五万多元，从一定程度上限制了它的推广使用，因而价格因素是它能否广泛使用的根本原因。临床水银血压计每台在一百元左右，因此在各级大中小医院普遍使用就是一个很好的证明。所以制作一台小型微量注射泵非常有意义。
 制作一台小型微量注射泵与临床目前使用的微泵相比较而言，必须是体积小，重量轻，功能较全，输注量控制精确，实用，便于携带，适合于各种急救及临床和实验室使用。另一方面又体现在价格优势上，即成本低，控制在一千元左右，但又必须质量可靠，利于临床大规模推广应用。
 鉴于此，本毕业设计将试制一种体积小，重量轻，功能较全，实用，便于携带且成本较低的微量注射泵，主要用于临床高精度输注药液。本论文将介绍这种微量注射泵控制系统的设计过程。
 这种微量注射泵具有以下主要功能：1．可根据所设参数，自动计算并控制注射速度（0.1-999ml/h）；2．注射总量设置及已注射总量累计显示（0.1-9999ml）；
3．可快速推进（200ml/h）；  4．具有Standby（限时暂停）功能；5．可对下列情况进行报警：阻塞、内部错误、注射结束提前预报警、注射结束；6．自动检测注射器尺寸（20ml、50ml）；7．具有“自检”功能；8．可选配电池（外接）。根据上述的功能要求，本文作者在查阅了许多相关文献资料并分析比较了国内外现有微量注射泵的优缺点基础上，确定了控制系统的设计方案。该微量注射泵控制系统以STC89C58单片机为控制核心，硬件设计采用模块化结构。
关键词：微量注射泵  控制系统  硬件设计  单片机

Abstract
 Currently, the hospital used microinjection pump commonly known as "micro-pump" in the operating room to use more wards, to some extent alleviate the medical staff in the labor intensity, to provide sustained delivery, avoided a drug delivery and other peak effect on the human liver and kidney and other organ damage, greatly reducing the total amount of medicinal, to bring the Gospel of patients to medical staff convenience. As micro-pump to higher prices and promotes the use of domestic prices of a few thousand to 10,000 yuan, and import prices from 20,000 to 50,000 yuan,in a certain extent, limited its use, and hence the price factor is whether it can use its root causes. Clinical mercury sphygmomanometer in each of about 100 yuan, at all levels of medium and small hospitals generally use is a good proof. Therefore, produced a small microinjection pump is very meaningful.
     Produced a small microinjection pump and the current clinical use of micro-pump comparison, must be small in size, light weight, function over all, the infusion volume control is accurate, practical and easy to carry, which is suitable for all kinds of treatment and clinical and laboratory use. The other reflected in the price advantage, which is low-cost, 1000yuan in control, but it is essential to the quality of reliable, conducive to large-scale clinical application.
 Because of this, the graduates will be designed to Trial producing a small size, light weight, than all functional and practical, easy to carry and less costly microinjection pump, mainly for clinical precision infusion liquid medicine. This paper presents such a microinjection pump control system design process.
 Microinjection of this pump has the following major functions : 1. Under established parameters, automatic calculation and control of injection speed (0.1-999ml/h); 2. Injection volume injection has been set up and shows the cumulative total (0.1-9999ml); 3. Rapidly advancing (200ml/h); 4. Have Standby (SPECIAL suspended) function; 5. Can be conducted on the following report : obstruction of internal errors, ahead of the end of injection advance warning, the end of injection ;6. Automatic detection syringe size (20ml,50ml); 7. With "self-censorship" function; 8. Optional battery (external). According to the above functions, The author access to the relevant literature and comparative analysis of the existing domestic and international microinjection pump on the basis of the advantages and disadvantages, set of control system design. The microinjection pump control system to control STC89C58 microcontroller core, hardware design modular structure .
Keywords : microinjection pump  control system  hardware design  MCU

目   录
摘  要 i
Abstract ii
目   录 iv
第一章  绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 国内外研究现状及发展趋势 1
第二章  系统功能分析和方案设计 3
2.1  系统功能分析 3
2.2  系统总体方案设计 6
2.3  本章小结 8
第3章  控制系统硬件组成 9
3.1  系统基本配置 9
3.1.1 主控板 9
3.1.2 LCD显示器 14
3.1.3 步进电机及驱动器 15
3.2  操作面板界面设计 16
3.3  本章小结 17
第四章 控制系统硬件设计 18
4.1 硬件设计的要点 18
4.2 系统硬件设计 18
4.2.1 电路原理图设计 19
4.2.2 电路板的制作 22
4.3系统硬件抗干扰分析 23
本章小结 26
第五章  硬件调试 28
5.1 电源及CPU部分 28
5.1.1排除电源故障 28
5.1.2排除CPU故障 28
5.2 显示器及键盘部分（借助软件） 28
5.2.1排除显示器故障 28
5.2.2排除键盘故障 30
第六章 总结 31
参考文献 32
致 谢 33