大型发电厂的继电保护配置

论文编号:JD088    包括 开题报告,任务书,大图,字数:37030,页数:80

摘  要
随着电力工业的迅速发展，我国发电机、变压器单机容量不断增大，电力系统正朝着“大机组、超高压、大电网”的方向发展。现今我国大容量发电厂不断增多，它们在电力系统中地位更显重要。为保证整个电力系统的安全经济运行，我们应对电厂配置可靠性、灵敏性、选择性和速动性都很好的保护装置。为实现配置方案的优化，还应充分考虑到大型发电厂的特点。
本设计主要对大型发电厂的继电保护配置方案进行了研究。首先，对大容量机组的特点及其保护配置的基本原则进行了阐述。接着，叙述了大型发电厂中母线保护的配置原则，并提出了提高母线保护性能的一些措施。由于当前电厂厂用电系统继电保护的整定计算无规程、导则可用，本设计结合以往的一些工程实践和电厂厂用电设计规定，对厂用电系统保护的配置和整定原则进行了整理，并着重研究了低压厂用电系统保护的有关配合问题。最后，本设计根据厂用电系统的保护配置原则，针对一个实际厂用电系统进行了保护配置方案的设计，包括高厂变、6kV工作段母线、低压厂用变压器以及PC母线所接开关。

关键词   继电保护  发电机变压器组  母线  厂用电系统
Abstract
Along with the quick development of electric power industry, the single machine capacity of the generator, transformer in our country continuously enlarges and the electric power system is developing toward the direction of "large generating set, extra high voltage, large power grid ". The big capacity power plant in our country continuously increases at present, they are playing a more important role in the electric power system. To ensure the whole electric power system operating safely and economically, we should collocate the power plant the protection devices which with more good credibility, intelligent, selectivity and speed. To make the scheme achieve optimization, we should also well in consideration of the characteristics of large power plant.
This design mainly researches on the protection scheme in large power plant. First, the article elaborates the characteristics of the large capacity generating set and the basic principle of its protection allocation. Then it describes the principle of the bus bar protection allocation in large power plant, and introduces some measures to raise the property of the bus bar protection. Because the protection of station service system at present has no regulations and leads to use, thirdly, this text combines a little bit former engineering fulfillment and the design provisions of station service system, summarizing the principles of protection allocation and setting in station service system, and emphatically discussing the points which are relevant to the protection matching in low- voltage station service system. In the end, according to the principle of the station service system protection allocation, this paper designs a protection scheme to a real station service system.

Keywords        relay protection   generator transformer unit   bus bar 
station service system protection目 录
摘  要 .......................................................I
Abstract....................................................... II
前言....................................................... 1
第一章  大型机组、母线的继电保护配置....................... 3
1.1 大型发电机、变压器的保护配置概述....................... 3
1.1.1 大型发电机组的特点及对继电保护的要求....................... 3
1.1.2 大型发电机的故障、异常运行方式及其保护方式 .......................4
1.1.3 大型变压器的故障、异常运行方式及其保护方式....................... 5
1.2 大型发电机-变压器组的特点及其继电保护配置 .......................7
1.2.1 大型发电机-变压器组的特点 .......................7
1.2.2 大型发电机-变压器组继电保护的特点 .......................9
1.2.3 大型发电机-变压器组的继电保护配置原则....................... 11
1.2.4 大型发电机-变压器组继电保护总体配置情况....................... 12
1.3 母线保护的配置.............................................. 13
1.3.1 母线保护的一般配置原则 ..............................................14
1.3.2 高压主接线的母线保护配置 ..............................................14
第二章  厂用电系统保护的配置原则....................... 22
2.1 厂用电系统概述.............................................. 22
2.2 厂用电系统保护的配置原则 ..............................................22
2.2.1 高压厂用工作、备用（起动）变压器的保护配置....................... 22
2.2.2 低压厂用工作和备用变压器的保护配置 .......................24
2.2.3 厂用工作及备用电抗器的保护配置 .......................25
2.2.4 3～10kV高压厂用电动机保护的配置 .......................26
2.2.5 380kV低压厂用电动机的保护配置 .......................27
2.2.6 备用电源自动投入装置 .......................28
第三章 厂用电系统保护的整定配合 .......................32
3.1 厂用电系统保护的整定计算原则....................... 32
3.1.1 纵联差动保护 ..............................................32
3.1.2 电流速断保护.............................................. 34
3.1.3 过电流保护 ..............................................34
3.1.4 单相接地零序电流保护.............................................. 36
3.2 低压厂用电系统保护的配合问题 ..............................................38
3.2.1 概述.............................................. 38
3.2.2 保护的配合.............................................. 39
3.2.3 选择性校验..............................................  42
3.2.4 配合的要求 .............................................. 43
第四章实际厂用电系统保护配置设计 ............................... 45
4.1 厂用电系统接线的特征描述.....................................  45
4.2 厂用电系统保护设计 ................................... 47
4.2.1 3号高厂变 .......................................... 47
4.2.2 6kV厂用工作母线 ............................. 49
4.2.3 低压厂用变压器...............................  50
4.2.4 400V PC母线所接开关 .......................... 53
结论..............................................  56
致谢...............................................  58
参考文献...........................................  59
附录..............................................  61
附录2..............................................  66
附录3..............................................  72