低成本智能住宅监控系统的设计

论文编号:JD089  本份设计包括大图,任务书,开题报告,  字数:23730,页数:58

 摘    要
智能住宅是将家庭中各种与信息有关的通讯设备、家用电器和家庭保安装置通过家庭总线技术连接到一个家庭智能化系统上，进行集中的或异地的监视、控制和管理家庭事务，并保持这些家庭设施与住宅环境的协调。本论文利用单片机控制技术和多机通讯技术，实现低成本、低功耗智能住宅监控系统。为人们营造一个舒适的、安全的住宅。
通过对温度测量电路、湿度测量电路、煤气报警电路的设计，实现对温度、湿度的测量和控制，煤气的测量和报警，用来完成家居环境的智能控制。本系统采用MSP430F449单片机做为控制核心，温度传感器采用LM35、湿度传感器采用HS1101，气体传感器采用MQ—5，对温度、湿度、煤气进行检测。同时本系统采用RS485通信，RS485通信成本低廉，通信距离远，与MSP430F449的连接简便。
利用VB实现了RS485通讯与上位PC机通信，使本系统对下位机控制简便，反应速度快，数据传输准确，同时外界干扰小，使用方便。

关键词  智能控制  MSP430F449单片机  RS485通讯

Abstract
Intelligent residence is to connect all communicational equipments relating to information, household appliances and home security devices to a family intelligent system through the family bus technology, by which it could surveillance, control and manage family affairs concentrated or remote, as well as coordinating these facilities with the residential environment. The purpose of this paper is to make an intelligent residential monitoring system with low-cost and low-power come true by the using of single microcomputer control technology and multi-machine communications technology, so as to create a comfortable and secure residence for people.
By adopting measure the circuit by temperature, humidity and gas alarming in design, the system realizes the control and measurement of the temperature, humidity and gas alarming so as to control the housing environment intelligently. This system adopts MSP430F449 microcontroller as the controlling core. The temperature, humidity and gas are tested respectfully by temperature sensor LM35, humidity sensor HS1101 and gas sensor MQ-5. In addition, this system adopts RS485 communicational technique, which has low communicational cost, long communicational distance and could connect with MSP430F449 easily.
The utilization of VB realizes the communication between RS485 and upper monitor, so that this system could control lower monitor easily and react quickly. The data can be transmitted accurately with little interference which is easy to use.

Key words: intelligent control   MSP430F449   RS485 communications

目    录
摘    要 .......................................................I
Abstract ......................................................II

第1章绪论..................................................... 1
1.1 智能住宅的介绍..............................................1
1.2 智能住宅的发展情况..........................................1
1.3 智能住宅的功能..............................................2
1.4 普通家庭智能住宅的构架和功能................................3
第2章低成本智能住宅的设计 .....................................4
2.1低成本智能住宅具有的功能 ....................................4
2.1.1 温度测量和调节........................................... 4
2.1.2 湿度测量和调节 ...........................................5
2.1.3 煤气测量和防范 ...........................................5
2.2 低成本住宅监控系统结构组成................................. 6
2.2.1 组成结构模式1 ............................................6
2.2.2 组成结构模式2 ............................................7
2.3 智能终端的功能............................................. 8
2.4 智能传感器的功能 ...........................................8
2.5 上位机的功能............................................... 9
2.6  RS485通信协议.............................................10
第3章智能终端及外围电路设计.................................. 11
3.1 智能终端概述 ..............................................11
3.1.1 智能终端的指标.......................................... 11
3.1.2 系统软件实现的任务 ......................................12
3.2智能终端的硬件设计 .........................................12
3.3智能终端外部电路设计....................................... 14
3.3.1  A/D转换电路.............................................14
3.3.2 开关量电路.............................................. 14
3.3.3 键盘电路................................................ 14
3.3.4 输出电路................................................ 15
3.3.5 通讯电路 ................................................16
3.3.6 液晶显示模块及其接口电路.................................17
3.3.7 电源电路 ................................................19
3.3.8 时钟电路.................................................20
3.3.9 总原理图 ................................................20
3.4智能终端的软件设计及流程 ...................................21
3.4.1 通信流程 ................................................21
3.4.2  A/D转换流程.............................................23
3.4.3 将Flash写入流程..........................................23
3.4.4 键盘扫描和液晶显示模块流程 ..............................25
3.4.5 采集开关量流程 ..........................................26
3.4.6 采集模拟量流程.......................................... 26
3.4.7 智能终端主流程图 ........................................27
第4章智能传感器设计.......................................... 28
4.1 传感器概述 ................................................28
4.1.1 传感器的功能 ............................................28
4.1.2 系统软件实现的功能...................................... 28
4.2 智能传感器的硬件设计 ......................................29
4.2.1 温度传感器与智能终端的连接...............................29
4.2.2 湿度传感器与智能终端的连接...............................32
4.2.3 煤气传感器与智能终端的连接...............................33
4.3 智能传感器的软件设计 ......................................34
4.3.1 智能传感器软件实现的功能.................................34
4.3.2 无人节能控制.............................................34
第5章监控系统上位机设计...................................... 35
5.1 住宅监控系统软件的功能 ....................................35
5.2 上位机实现485通信 .........................................36
社会经济效益分析...............................................38
总结 ..........................................................39
致谢.......................................................... 40
参考文献 ......................................................41
附录1 .........................................................42
附录2......................................................... 46
附录3 .........................................................53