基于单片机的太阳能热水器控制系统设计

论文编号:CK068   论文字数:14892,页数:50

摘  要

 如何很好的节约和利用能源，特别是可持续性能源，一直是人类所面临的问题。所以研究智能化家庭住宅里的能源如何被更有效的节约和利用，也就有着十分现实和长远的意义。而家用太阳能热水器就是一个节约能源，有效利用能源的典型。
 随着人民生活水平的日益提高，智能化家庭住宅模式也将在我们兴起、发展和完善。所以实现对家用设备的智能化控制也就成了一种有益的、必要的、积极的探索和研究。
 本问按照智能化太阳能热水器控制系统的开发为线索，通过几个章节来阐述：首先阐述了智能化太阳能热水器控制系统开发的必要性，分析了国内外太阳能热水器及其控制的现实状况；其次介绍了智能化太阳能热水器控制系统的开发核心--PIC单片机；第三章介绍了智能化太阳能控制系统的硬件开发，第四章介绍了软件设计流程，最后是全文的小结。
 
关键词：可持续能源；太阳能热水器；智能化
Abstract

 To economize and utilize energy resource，especially the lasting energy resource，is a problem that humankind has faced．So it is so realistic and significant to research how to economize and utilize energy resource in home using．And the Solar Water Heater is a good example in economizing and utilizing energy resource．
 As continually progress in human life and technology and the using of electronic technique in every field．So to make the intelligentized control of residential equipment into reality is a necessary active thing．
 Following the clue of the development phases of the intelligentized control system of the Solar Water Heater. The further divided into 5 chapters: the first chapter discusses the essentiality of the intelligentized control system of the Solar Water Heater; chap.2 introduce the core of the intelligentized control system of the Solar Water Heater--the PIC single Chip Microcopy; chap.3 introduce the hardware and exploitation and design of the intelligentized control system of the Solar Water Heater; chap.4 introduce the software exploitation and design of the intelligentized control system of the Solar Water Heater. The last chapter is the summary of the whole paper.
 
Keywords：lasting energy resource；solar water heater；intelligentized

目  录
摘要........................................................................Ⅱ
1 绪论........................................................................1
 1.太阳能应用现状与意义..................................................1
 .1.1  太阳能应用现状..................................................1
 1.1.2  太阳能应用的意义..............................................2
 1.2  太阳能热水器的发展状况...............................................3
 1.3  智能化家庭住宅的发展状况.............................................4
 1.4  太阳能热水器控制仪的发展现状.........................................4
2 主控芯片的选择............................................................6
 2.1  PIC 系列单片机概述...................................................6
 2.2  主控芯片PIC16F877简介................................................7
 2.2.1  PIC16F877 芯片的主要特点.......................................8
 2.2.2  存储器组织结构.................................................9
 2.2.3  堆栈.........................................................12
 2.2.4  I/O端口......................................................12
 2.2.5  A/D转换部件..................................................12
3  系统硬件结构设计与工作原理............................................14
 3.1  控制系统分析与设计..................................................14
 3.1.1  系统功能......................................................14
 3.1.2  系统智能化....................................................14
 3.1.3  系统接口......................................................15
 3.1.4  系统实用性....................................................15
 3.1.5  系统硬件结构..................................................15
 3.2  电加热、电磁阀控制电路..............................................16
 3.2.1 光电耦合器.....................................................16
 3.2.2  电加热、电磁阀控制电路........................................16
 3.3  温度、水位检测电路..................................................17
 3.3.1  温度检测基本工作原理..........................................17
 3.3.2  水位检测基本工作原理..........................................20
 3.4  LED显示电路.........................................................21
 3.4.1  温度显示电路..................................................21
 3.4.2  水位显示电路..................................................23
 3.5  键盘接口电路........................................................23
 3.5.1  键盘接口方式..................................................23
 3.5.2  键盘接口电路..................................................26
4 控制系统软件设计.........................................................27
 4.1控制系统的软件设计流程图..............................................27
 4.2 主要部分软件程序.....................................................28
 4.2.1 水温检测控制程序...............................................28
 4.2.2 水位检测控制程序...............................................28
 4.2.3 LED 数码管显示控制程序.........................................29
 4.2.4 键扫描程序.....................................................31
5 总结.......................................................................33
致谢.......................................................................34
参考文献....................................................................35
附录1  控制系统设计总电路图..............................................37
附录2  控制系统程序......................................................38