卡车液压翻斗机构的齿轮泵设计

论文编号:JX782  论文字数:16062.页数:33   附CAD图

摘     要
 
 自卸车是通过液压或机械举升而自行卸载货物的车辆，又称翻斗车。该液压翻斗机构的原理是通过发动机带动齿轮泵将高压的液压油，经油路进入液压缸中，通过液压缸的伸缩，实现卡车的翻斗功能。
 自卸车的翻斗机构大大地缩短了货车的卸货时间。齿轮泵广泛地应用在各种液压机械上，它的主要优点是：结构简单紧凑、体积小、重量轻、自吸性能好、对污物不敏感、工作可靠、寿命长、便于维护修理、成本低，又因齿轮是对称的旋转体，故允许高速旋转，最大工作压力可达315bar。其缺点是：流量和压力脉动大、噪声大（内啮合齿轮泵则有很大改善）、排量不可变。
 本课题所设计的CBGH系列齿轮油泵壳体采用高强度铝合金材料，内部结构使用了轴向间隙浮动补偿、径向平衡、DU自润滑等多项先进技术。它具有容积效率高、压力高、噪声低、抗震性能强、寿命长等特点、广泛应用于自卸汽车、装载车、挖掘机、起重机、压路机等工程机械以及矿山、轻工、环卫、农机等行业。该齿轮泵要求其具有容积效率高、压力大、噪声低、抗震性强、寿命长、排量大等优点，从而实现各类自卸车的液压翻斗机构的正常运行。
 本设计的齿轮泵的技术指标：工作压差△p为20Mpa，排量q为80ml/r，要求齿轮泵具有一定的抗冲击特性，同时噪声低于100分贝。
 齿轮泵在使用时出现的问题主要有以下几点：1、困油现象 2、容积效率、机械效率与总效率问题 3、噪声问题 4、泄露现象。

关键词：齿轮泵 排量 噪声 困油 容积效率

Dump truck hydraulic gear pump system design

Abstract
  Dump Truck by hydraulic or mechanical lifting and unloading of goods vehicles on their own, also known as dump trucks.
 The principle of hydraulic dump bodies through the engine will be driven high-pressure gear pump hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder by the circuit through the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the realization of the dump truck features.
 The dump truck bodies truck greatly shortened the time of discharge. Gear pump widely used in all kinds of hydraulic machinery, its main advantages are: simple and compact structure, small size, light weight, performance and self-absorption, is not sensitive to dirt, reliable, long life, ease of maintenance repairs, the cost of low, due to the rotation of gear body is symmetrical, it allows high-speed rotation, the maximum working pressure up to 315bar. Its shortcomings are as follows: flow and pressure pulsation, and noise large (Internal Gear Pumps are a great improvement), emissions can not be changed.
 The design of the projects undertaken by the gear pump housing CBGH series high-strength aluminum alloy material, the use of the internal structure of floating axial compensation gap, radial balance, DU a number of self-lubricating and other advanced technologies. It has a volume of high efficiency, high pressure, low noise, seismic performance, long life and other characteristics, widely used in truck, loaded trucks, excavators, cranes, road rollers, such as construction machinery and mining, light industry, sanitation, agricultural and other industries. The gear pump has a volumetric efficiency of its high pressure, low noise, seismic and strong, long life, large capacity, etc., in order to achieve all kinds of hydraulic dump truck bodies normal operation.
 When the gear pump in the use of the main problems are as follows: 1.the phenomenon of trapped oil 2. volumetric efficiency 、 mechanical efficiency and overall efficiency of  3.noise 4.leakage phenomenon.
Keywords：gear pump Displacement  Noise  Trapped oil  Volumetric efficiency
目  录
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
目录 iii
第一章     绪论 5
 1.1  研究动机与目的 5
 1.2  研究背景 5
 1.3  研究方法与系统描述 6
 1.4  论文內容概述 6
第二章     齿轮泵设计计算说明 9
 2.1   齿轮泵设计计算 9
 2.2   齿轮的验算校核 17 
第三章    齿轮泵使用中的故障与解决方法 24
 3.1  齿轮的噪声问题与解决方法 24
 3.2  齿轮泵的困油现象 27
 3.3  齿轮泵的效率损失分析 28
 3.4  齿轮泵的常见故障以及解决方法 30
第四章     结论 32
参考文献 33
致谢 34
附录A      图纸 A-1