美国俚语的产生及功能的分析

论文编号:YY186   字数:6883,页数:20

Abstract
      Modern American slang is a non-written language innovation and the crystal of history and culture. Slang is an objective existence which is often used by many people, and has become an integral component of the language and an important communication tool. But it often leaves a vulgar, frivolous impression to people. In fact, as a communication tool for people, it can not be regarded as good or bad. American slang develops rapidly, which has a strong cultural flavor as a special carrier.
 This paper elaborates the reason of American slang existence from the angles of history, society, psychology and personality of Americans. On the other hand, this paper analyzes the existence value of American slang from the aspects of refraction function and usage function. The slang refracts the discrepancy of social identity, the trend of oral English and the life of ordinary people. At the same time, it refracts a kind of attitude by which the people treat the reality. Its usage function includes overcoming the communicative barrier and provoking the vigor of language.
 
Key Words

American culture; slang; function

摘  要
 
    现代美国俚语是一种非书面性语言的创新，是历史和文化的结晶，俚语是客观存在的被许多人经常使用的语言，是词汇中不可或缺的组成部分，已成为及其重要的交际工具。但它常常留给人粗俗，轻佻的印象。实际上，作为人们交际工具的语言，本身没有阶级性。美国俚语发展迅速，它作为美国文化一种特殊的载体，具有浓厚的文化色彩。
 本文将从历史，社会，心理以及美国人的性格特征等方面分析了美国俚语产生的原因。另一方面，又将从俚语的反映功能和使用功能来阐述美国俚语存在的价值。它反映了一种现实包括语言的身份差异，英语口语的发展方向，普通民众的真实生活。同时它还反映了一种态度：人们通过语言而表明自己对现实的态度。它的使用功能则包括了在使用中克服语言交际障碍，激发语言的活力。
 
 关键词 美国文化

Contents
 
Abstract........................................................1
摘要............................................................II
Introduction....................................................1
I. The Definition of Slang......................................3
II. The Origin of Slang.........................................4
 A. History.....................................................4
 B. Society.....................................................5
 C. Psychology..................................................6
 D. National Spirit and Character Features of Americans.........6
 E. New Things and New Concepts.................................7
 III. The Function of Slang.....................................7
 A. Refraction..................................................7
    1. Fact.…………………......................................7
      1.1. The Discrepancy of Identity..........................8
      1.2. The Trend of Oral English............................8
      1.3. The Ordinary Life....................................9
    2. Attitude.................................................9
   B. Usage.....................................................10
    1. Overcoming the CommunicationalBarrier....................10
    2. Provoking the Vigor of Language..........................11
      2.1. Written Language.....................................12
   2.2. Oral Language...........................................13
Conclusion......................................................15
Acknowledgements................................................16
Bibliography....................................................17