摘 要
诗人卡明斯（1894-1962年）是20世纪最有影响的实验主义诗人之一。他的诗歌在结构上是前所未有的传统诗歌的典型叛逆，因此,不仅引起了文学界的强烈反响，也引起了语言学家的关注。目前对卡明斯诗歌的研究可以概括为三种形式:一是从文学评论的角度,二是从英语叙事文体学和修辞学的角度,三是从语音学的角度。但目前的研究大多偏重于卡明斯诗歌中的变异,因此，本文试图从前景化的角度入手，对卡明斯的诗歌进行比较全面的，更进一步的研究, 帮助读者深入领会卡明斯诗歌的意义，挖掘诗歌的美学价值。本文的基本内容包括三个部分：（一）相关文献的综述；（二）研究和分析前景化理论的发展和前景化效果实现模式；（三）利用前景化效果实现模式来分析卡明斯的诗歌“if everything happens that can’t be done”和 “Buffalo Bill’s”前景化实现的手段。本文进一步验证了前景化效果实现的模式，并分析了卡明斯诗歌的前景化实现的特征。
关键词：卡明斯诗歌；前景化；解析
ABSTRACT
E. E. Cummings (1894-1962), one of the most influential experimental poets in the 20th century, is famous for his unconventional poems, which have evoked great interest both in the literary and linguistic circles. The previous studies are generalized into three aspects: from the perspectives of phonology, stylistics and literary criticism. As these studies only lay stress on the study of deviation in Cummings’ poems, this thesis attempts to make a comprehensive and further study of Cummings’ poems from the foregrounding perspective with the purpose of helping readers understand the meaning and aesthetic value of poems. The main contents of this thesis fall into three parts: literature review of Cummings’ poems, the development of the foregrounding theory and analysis, based on the foregrounding pattern, on foregrounding of Cummings’ poems “if everything happens that can’t be done” and “Buffalo Bill’s”. This thesis further verifies the foregrounding pattern and analyzes the foregrounding features of Cummings’ poems.
Keywords：Cummings’ poems; foregrounding; analysis
Contents
1.Introduction 1
2. Literature review 2
2.1 Studies abroad 2
2.2 Studies in China 3
2.3 Comments on previous studies 4
3. The development of the foregrounding theory 5
3.1 Introduction to the foregrounding theory 5
3.2 The foregrounding pattern 7
3.2.1 Deviation 7
3.2.2 Overregularity 8
4. Analysis on foregrounding of Cummings’ poems 11
4.1 Analysis on foregrounding of “if everything happens that can’t be done” 11
4.1.1 Lexical deviation 13
4.1.2 Grammatical deviation 13
4.1.3 Graphological deviation 14
4.1.4 Semantic deviation 15
4.1.5 Lexical overregularity 15
4.1.6 Grammatical overregularity 16
4.2 Analysis on foregrounding of “Buffalo Bill’s” 17
4.2.1 Graphological deviation 18
4.2.2 Lexical deviation 19
4.2.3 Semantic deviation 19
5. Conclusion 21
Acknowledgements 22
References 23
