听力考试信息一听即逝，无法像阅读材料那样进行反复阅读，听力考试应集中精力，全身放松，保持最佳准备状态，用闭住双眼并做深呼吸帮助减轻情绪焦虑。尤其高考听力第一节，共5段对话，每段对话的录音材料只播放一次。要把注意力集中到听音之上，自信沉着，答题要果断，不能犹豫不决。
例题：
What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A picture. B. A drink. C. A book.
录音材料：
W: Would you like a cup of tea? M: No, thank you. Tell me about your book.
W: Oh, it’s not finished yet, but I have some of the pictures. Would you like to see them?
解题分析：学生只听前面一半对话，就下结论，问人家要不要喝茶就认为是drink。答案：C。
例题：
What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An actor. B. A player. C. A waiter.
录音材料：
M: I like the little kid in the movie. I can’t imagine anyone else playing at the role.
W: I like him too, he’s so cute.
解题分析：学生只听到有playing就认为player. 答案：A。
⒊ 抓住关键，推测答案
语言交际离不开语境。比如：在学校常出现教师的学生的对话，谈论的内容通常是学习、考试、作业等问题。在医院医生和病人的对话，谈论内容多为病情、治疗、健康等问题。在机场，谈论的内容常为航班的班次或起飞的时间，或飞往某地等问题。学生可根据已知的题干内容、关键词及其选项揣测听力材料的背景、内容及情节，合理运用预测技巧来减少记忆负荷，缩小范围，提高听的效率；根据已有的信息进行合乎情理的判断、分析、推理。从而降低难度，消除紧张心理，增强自信心，进行准确理解。
通过常识推理：
例题：
What are the speakers discussing?
A. A speech on television. B. An article in the newspaper. C. A meeting with the president.
录音材料：
M: How did you like the president’s speed last night?
W: Unfortunately I got home too late last night to watch it.
解题分析：学生可根据对话的内容，平时积累的背景知识判断出，是昨晚的电视讲话。答案：A。
例题：
What does the woman think of the car’s noise? A. Funny. B. Boring. C. Tolerable.
录音材料：
M: Do you think this car’s making a funny noise? W: It sounds OK to me.
解题分析：学生可根据对汽车发出的声音，结合对话，立即可根据常识判断这样的题目。答案：C。
⒋ 读、听、记结合
学生在听力时，常常是听了后面，忘了前面。结果材料听完了，记住的东西却不多。对于对话长，信息多的听力材料，决不能孤立地一个词一个词地去听，要一句一句地连续听完，注意整听，听懂全句的意思，从整体上去理解。根据文字提供的线索，有目的地边听边记，记录材料中的关键词、重要数字、地名、人名等，特别要记录大意及一些重要细节有关的词语。同时，还要提高记录速度，学生可用缩略语和符号，例如：equal→＝；for example→eg. “+”→ plus ; “≈”→ about 等。可创造一些适合自己的缩写符号进行记录。可用代号、图形或自己明白的方式进行记录，脑记和笔记相结合，可以节省时间。
⑴ 通过读题推理
例题：
① Why does the man look sad?
A. He failed his test again. B. He had to stop his study. C. He couldn’t understand the foreigners.
② How did the woman improve her French?
A. By reading French News paper. B. By watching French films. C. By speaking to herself.
③ What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Be confident. B. Talk with foreigners. C. Ask the teacher for advice.
录音材料：
W: You look sad. What’s up?
M: I failed another French exam. I’m never going to learn this language well.
W: Oh, come on. Don’t say that. In the past, my French was very poor. But now it’s pretty good.
M: I wish that would happen to me. How did you do it?
W: I took every chance to practice, such as talking to foreigners, reading French aloud in the morning and even speaking to myself, from time to time.
M: I’ve done the same. But it’s useless. My French hasn’t improved. I don’t think it even will.
W: You should have confidence in yourself. You can learn French OK so long as you work hard.
M: Perhaps, you’re right. Anyway. Thanks a lot for the advice.
解题分析：这样的题可通过阅读第二、第三的题干，就能推理判断出第一小题的答案。
第二题干：improve her French，第三题干：suggest the man do 就能推断：这位先生法语学不好，在请教这位女士。根据读题就能判断对话内容的方向，从而降低解题难度。
⑵ 听：
当你看到的题干是：What does the woman think of …? 听的注意力就应该放在听女声的录音材料上，
如果看到的题干是：What does the man imply/ suggest...? 听的注意力就应该放在听男声的录音材料上。
总之，英语听力是一项综合技能，听力的基本功需要循序渐进地培养，需要大量百科知识的积累，需要大量的朗读和听的实践。同时学生所掌握的词汇量、语法知识、阅读水平，以及对英语国家的文化、社会背景的了解都决定着一个人的听力水平。但只要正视它，运用熟练的听力技巧，加强训练，坚持不懈，持之以恒，听力水平就会得到全面提高。
【参考文献】
1．国家教育部《英语课程标准》XX师范大学出版
2. 福建省普通高中新课程教学要求（英语） 福建教育出版社，2008年6月
3．2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试福建省语文、数学、英语《考试说明》
4．《中学英语听力必备》海南出版社 2004
